Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Natural Course and Classification of Idiopathic Scoliosis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Spine Surgery

Abstract

Scoliosis is an elusive pathology in which a therapeutic decision must depend on an accurate prognostic stratification. It is defined as a three-dimensional deformity of the vertebral column which manifests itself in different forms, affecting the cervical, dorsal and lumbar regions. In more than 80% of scoliosis cases, a specific cause is actually not known (Idiopathic Scoliosis, IS).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Skaggs DL, Guillaume T, El-Hawary R, et al. Early onset scoliosis consensus statement, SRS Growing Spine Committee, 2015. Spine Deform. 2015;3:107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspd.2015.01.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R. Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Child Orthop. 2013;7:3–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11832-012-0457-4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Nilsonne U, Lundgren K-D. Long-term prognosis in idiopathic scoliosis. Acta Orthop Scand. 1968;39:456–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Spratt KF, et al. Health and function of patients with untreated idiopathic scoliosis. JAMA. 2003;289:559–67. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.5.559.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Edgar MA. The natural history of unfused scoliosis. Orthopedics. 1987;10:931–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ascani E, Bartolozzi P, Logroscino CA, et al. Natural history of untreated idiopathic scoliosis after skeletal maturity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1986;11:784–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Yawn BP, Yawn RA. The estimated cost of school scoliosis screening. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25:2387–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Labelle H, Stephens Richards B, De Kleuver M, Grivas TB, KDK L, Wong HK, Thometz J, Beausejour M, Turgeon I, Fong DY. SRS school screening task force report. In: Half-day courses. Non-operative spinal deformity treatment techniques, Sagittal plane deformity corrective techniques, Spinal deformity in Myelomeningocele, SRS abstract book. Lyon: Pre-Meeting Course; 2013. p. 52.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Risser JC. The iliac apophysis; an invaluable sign in the management of scoliosis. Clin Orthop. 1958;11:111–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Canavese F, Charles YP, Dimeglio A. Skeletal age assessment from elbow radiographs. Review of the literature. Chir Organi Mov. 2008;92:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12306-008-0032-9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lonstein JE, Carlson JM. The prediction of curve progression in untreated idiopathic scoliosis during growth. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1984;66:1061–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. King HA, Moe JH, Bradford DS, Winter RB. The selection of fusion levels in thoracic idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983;65:1302–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cummings RJ, et al. Interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of the system of King et al for the classification of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998;80-A:1107–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lenke LG, Betz RR, Harms J, et al. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a new classification to determine extent of spinal arthrodesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83–A:1169–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UOC Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Regional Spinal Department, AOUI, Verona, Italy

    Massimo Balsano & Stefano Negri

Authors
  1. Massimo Balsano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Stefano Negri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Bernhard Meyer

  2. Department of Spine Surgery, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany

    Michael Rauschmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Balsano, M., Negri, S. (2019). Natural Course and Classification of Idiopathic Scoliosis. In: Meyer, B., Rauschmann, M. (eds) Spine Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98875-7_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98875-7_19

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-98874-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-98875-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation