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Genomic Applications in Head and Neck Cancers

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Genomic Applications in Pathology

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Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a biologically complex disease process with a heterogeneous collection of tumors in which multiple genes and pathways are altered. With the advancements in molecular and genetic research techniques and bioinformatics, there has been an explosion of new discoveries regarding the molecular biology and genetic alterations underpinning the pathogenesis of HNSCC. In this chapter, we review the specific genetic alterations in HNSCC and their clinical implications and future applications. The most common mutations in head and neck cancer, including the TP53, FAT1, NOTCH1, EGFR, HRAS, PIK3CA, and CDKN2A/p16 genes, are discussed as well as human papillomavirus as the primary etiologic agent in oropharyngeal SCC. The main topics of discussions are focused around three clinical applications of cancer genomics in head and neck cancers—diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington Affiliated Hospitals, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph A. Bellairs

  2. Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Jessica Yesensky & Nishant Agrawal

  3. Head and Neck Institute, Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation and Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Jamie Ahn Ku

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  1. Joseph A. Bellairs
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Correspondence to Nishant Agrawal .

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  1. Professor and Chair of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    George Jabboure Netto

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Clinical Professor of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, USA

    Karen L. Kaul

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Bellairs, J.A., Yesensky, J., Ku, J.A., Agrawal, N. (2019). Genomic Applications in Head and Neck Cancers. In: Netto, G., Kaul, K. (eds) Genomic Applications in Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96830-8_23

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