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Cytogenetics and Comparative Analysis of Phaseolus Species

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The Common Bean Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

The genus Phaseolus includes approximately 75 species, most of which have 2n = 22 small meta- or submetacentric chromosomes. This considerable karyotypic stability has been further reinforced by comparative cytogenetic mapping of single-copy sequences using Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) and the Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) technique. These physical maps have revealed complete macrosynteny among the investigated species and only a few breaks in collinearity due to chromosomal inversions, except for Phaseolus leptostachyus, with 2n = 20 and several rearrangements. The variation in the repetitive fraction of the genome is much greater, however, as expected. Considerable variation has been found in the number of 35S rDNA sites in the representatives of the Vulgaris group, and repetitive pericentromeric and subtelomeric sequences vary among Phaseolus species. This repetitive genome fraction has also been investigated in Phaseolus vulgaris through an epigenetic approach, revealing a higher degree of complexity in the heterochromatin than previously thought. The available molecular tools for the common bean have permitted a systematic analysis of the synteny, not only between the common bean and other cultivated and wild species of the genus, but also at the intergeneric level, contributing to a more detailed understanding of the cytogenetics of the group.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the CIAT and the Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia seed banks, particularly A. Torres, M. Wetzel, and L. Gonçalves Pereira Neto, for providing Phaseolus seeds. A.P.-H. thanks the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and A.F. the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco (FACEPE), Brazil, for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Artur Fonsêca & Andrea Pedrosa-Harand

Authors
  1. Artur Fonsêca
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  2. Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
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Correspondence to Andrea Pedrosa-Harand .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Biología, Universidad de León, León, Spain

    Marcelino Pérez de la Vega

  2. Misión Biológica de Galicia, Grupo de Biología de Agrosistemas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Pontevedra, Spain

    Marta Santalla

  3. Genomics and Biotechnology, London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada

    Frédéric Marsolais

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Fonsêca, A., Pedrosa-Harand, A. (2017). Cytogenetics and Comparative Analysis of Phaseolus Species. In: Pérez de la Vega, M., Santalla, M., Marsolais, F. (eds) The Common Bean Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63526-2_3

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