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Methodology: Identifying the Theoretical Framework of COCA

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Cultural Due Diligence in Hospitality Ventures

Part of the book series: Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management ((THEM))

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Abstract

To develop the COCA framework, it is advisable to start by identifying methods used in similar contexts, in order to save time, to integrate any lessons learned into the COCA framework and to avoid repeating past mistakes. In general, it is not necessary for researchers to reinvent the wheel, or as Lew puts it: “research produced by others using the same or similar conceptual frameworks can be borrowed, adapted, and applied to the new research project” (2011, p. 32). With this in mind, it is the aim of this chapter to identify (or, to use Lew’s word, to “borrow”) past concepts, examples and research methods that are relevant to the COCA framework, including any of the following: (1) Community research; (2) Research on cultures in general, or on organisational culture (in the hospitality sector) specifically; (3) Tourism research; (4) Cross-cultural research; (5) Short-cut or rapid qualitative methodologies; (6) Approaches that involve elements of local community participation: or (7) Approaches that involve elements of flexibility and creativity (as COCA includes idiosyncratic elements). All of these areas of research are connected to and interrelated with the research topic at hand, namely an assessment or appraisal of the different organisational cultures in the hospitality sector and local communities in developing countries. Thus, the main aim of this chapter is to identify knowledge and learning already in existence, consistent with the list above, to use as a basis for developing the COCA framework (see Chap. 5).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Ethnography has its origins in both American cultural anthropology and British social anthropology (Madden, 2010, p. 15). According to Burns, “there is no big difference between the two, but approaches will differ on each side of the Atlantic” (Burns, 1999a, p. 18).

  2. 2.

    Denzin and Lincoln divide qualitative research into “eight moments”, noting that “in the fifth moment” authors struggled more and more “to represent the ‘Other’ [and therefore] more action, participatory, and activist-oriented research was on the horizon” (2005, p. 14). This development had a major influence not only on academic work but also on development consultants working in the development work context.

  3. 3.

    See among others agroecosystem analysis, beneficiary assessment, cultural mapping, farmer-participatory research, participatory analysis and learning methods, participatory action research, process documentation, participatory learning and action, participatory research methods, participatory technology development, rapid assessment of agricultural knowledge systems, rapid assessment procedures, rapid assessment techniques, rapid catchment analysis, rapid ethnographic assessment, rapid multi-perspective appraisal, visualisation in participatory programmes (Allan & Curtis, 2002; Asia Forest Network, 2002; Bar-On & Prinsen, 1999; Beebe, 1987, 1995; Berardi, 2002; Bhandari, 2003; Case, 1990; Catley, 1999; Chambers, 1994b; Chandra, 2010; Khon Kaen University, 1987; Koutra, 2010; Krummacher, 2004; Legacies Now, 2010; Leurs, 1996; Loader & Amartya, 1999; Messer & Townsley, 2003; Motteux, Nel, Rowntree, & Binns, 1999; Reason & Bradbury, 2011; UNESCO Bangkok, 2011; Webber & Ison, 1995).

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  1. Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung, Eberswalde, Germany

    Nicole Häusler

  2. Myanmar Responsible Tourism Institute, Yangon, Myanmar

    Nicole Häusler

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Häusler, N. (2017). Methodology: Identifying the Theoretical Framework of COCA. In: Cultural Due Diligence in Hospitality Ventures. Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51337-9_4

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