Skip to main content

Analytics and Findings for Competency and Confidence

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Incompetency and Competency Training

Abstract

This chapter covers the QCA analysis of memberships of outcome conditions, decision confidence and decision competence for each of the individual in-basket simulations. The treatment and measured antecedents are re-explored during the same 2-h experiment and results were recorded for the same participants, in the same physical contexts and all other variables were controlled to remain unaltered. In a way, each of these in-baskets simulations acts as a re-test and repeat of the study. It is important to note that the discipline and level of complexity of the decisions varied substantially for each of the in-basket simulations. The next four sections analyse the raw data gathered from each of the participants, for each of the separate in-baskets and interpret the fsQCA analysis of the truth table and combinations of treatment and measured conditions for each simulation, hereafter referred to as In-basket 1, In-basket 2, In-basket 3 and In-basket 4 respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bandura, A. (1982). Self efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 32(7), 122–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1983). Self-evaluative and self-efficacy mechanisms governing the motivational effects of goal systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(5), 1017–1028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A., & Schunk, D. A. (1981). Cultivating competence, self-efficacy and intrinsic interest through proximal self-motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41(3), 586–598.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyatzis, R. E., Baker, A., Leonard, D., Rhee, K., & Thompson, L. (1995). Will it make a difference? Assessing a value-based, outcome oriented, competency-based professional program. In R. E. Boyatzis, S. S. Cowen, & D. A. Kolb (Eds.), Innovating in professional education: Steps on a journey from teaching to learning (pp. 167–202). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyatzis, R. E., & McKee, A. (2005). Resonant leadership. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bussey, K., & Bandura, A. (1999). Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation. Psychological Review, 106, 676–713.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crow, S. M., Fok, L. Y., Hartman, S. J., & Payne, D. M. (1991). Gender and values: What is the impact on decision making? Sex Roles, 25, 255–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Acedo Lizárraga, M. L. S., de Acedo Baquedano, M. T. S., & Elawar, M. C. (2007). Factors that affect decision making: Gender and age differences. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 7(3), 381–391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G. (2004). Fast and frugal heuristics: The tools of bounded rationality. In D. Koehler & N. Harvey (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of judgment and decision making (pp. 62–88). Oxford: Blackwell.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G. (2008). Why heuristics work. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(1), 20–29. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.0058.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goertz, G. (2003). The substantive importance of necessary condition hypotheses. In G. Goertz & H. Starr (Eds.), Necessary Conditions (pp. 65–94). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatala, R., & Case, S. M. (2000). Examining the influence of gender on medical students’ decision making. Journal of Women’s Health and Gender Based Medicine, 9, 617–623.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linnenbrink, E. A., & Pintrich, P. R. (2003). The role of self-efficacy beliefs in student engagement and learning in the classroom. Reading & Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties, 19(2), 119–137. doi:10.1080/10573560308223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahoney, J. (2007). Qualitative methodology and comparative politics. Comparative Political Studies, 40, 122–144. doi:10.1177/0010414006296345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendel, J. M., & Korjani, M. M. (2012). Charles Ragin’s fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) used for linguistic summarizations. Information Sciences, 202, 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. C. (2004). Redesigning social inquiry [Slide-show PPT]. Retrieved from http://eprints.ncm.ac.uk/379/1/RSDI-RMF.pdf

  • Ragin, C. C. (2006). Set relations in social research: Evaluating their consistency and coverage. Political Analysis, 14(3), 291–310. doi:10.1093/pan/mpj019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. C. (2008a). Online tutorial: Qualitative comparative analysis and fuzzy sets. Retrieved from http://www.fsqca.com

  • Ragin, C. C. (2008b). Redesigning social inquiry. London: University of Chicago Press Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. C. (2008c). Redesigning social inquiry: Fuzzy sets and beyond. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragin, C. C. (2008d, May 5, 2010). What is qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)? In Symposium conducted at the meeting of the 3rd ESRC Research Methods Festival. Retrieved from http://eprints.ncrm.ac.uk/250/1/What_is_QCA.pdf

  • Rihoux, B., & Lobe, B. (2008). The case for qualitative comparative analysis (QCA): Adding leverage for thick cross-case comparison. In D. Byrne & C. C. Ragin (Eds.), The Sage handbook of case-based methods (pp. 222–242). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rihoux, B., & Ragin, C. C. (2009). Configurational comparative methods. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schank, R. C. (1994). What we learn when we learn by doing. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schank, R. C., Fano, A., Jona, M., & Bell, B. (1993). The design of goal-based scenarios. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schweiger, D. M., Sandberg, W. R., & Ragan, J. R. (1986). Group approaches for improving strategic decision making: A comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil’s advocacy, and consensus. Academic Management Journal, 29(1), 51–71. doi:10.2307/255859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwenk, C. R. (1984). Devil’s advocacy in managerial decision-making. Journal of Management Studies, 21(2), 153–168. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1984.tb00229.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. New York, NY: Doubleday/Currency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, P., & Linnecar, R. (2007). Business coaching: Achieving practical results through effective engagement. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. A. (1982). Models of bounded rationality. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. A. (1992). Economics, bounded rationality and the cognitive revolution. Aldershot Hants: Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. A., & Kaplan, C. A. (1989). Foundations of cognitive science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tannen, D. (1990). Gender differences in topical coherence: Creating involvement in best friends’ talk. Discourse Processes, 13(1), 73–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobias, S. (2010). The expertise reversal effect and aptitude treatment interaction research (commentary). Instructional Science, 38(3), 309–314. doi:10.1007/s11251-009-9103-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wagemann, C., & Schneider, C. Q. (2010). Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and Fuzzy-Sets: Agenda for a research approach and a data analysis technique. Comparative Sociology, 9(3), 376–396. doi:10.1163/156913210X12493538729838.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1991). Doing gender. In J. Lorber & S. A. Farrell (Eds.), The social construction of gender (pp. 13–37). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J. T. (1990). Gendered lives: Communication, gender, and culture. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Woodside, A., de Villiers, R., Marshall, R. (2016). Analytics and Findings for Competency and Confidence. In: Incompetency and Competency Training. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39108-3_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics