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Cartilage Glycoproteins

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Cartilage

Abstract

The cartilage extracellular matrix consists of two major suprastructures, namely, the fibrillar collagenous network and gel-like aggrecan complexes. These suprastructures are interconnected by glycoproteins and small proteoglycans forming a kind of alloy. In addition to this role as so-called adaptor proteins, matrix proteins can directly bind to chondrocytes via cell surface receptors. The biological relevance of these numerous protein-protein interactions in the matrix is underlined by the fact that mutations in matrix components often lead to skeletal disorders. In addition, lacking integrity and stability of these interactions affects biomechanical properties, and softening of the tissue may predispose for degenerative diseases, e.g., osteoarthritis.

The structure of cartilage does change during development and aging, and, thus, the cartilage is more heterogeneous and dynamic as expected. Over the last years, it could be shown that matrix proteins can also play nonstructural roles, like modulation of growth factor activities and immune responses. This adds another layer of complexity to the tissue. This chapter summarizes general aspects of a standard cartilage extracellular matrix even though it has been demonstrated recently that different cartilage types vary substantially in composition and assembly.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Faculty, Center for Biochemistry and Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, Cologne, D-50931, Germany

    Frank Zaucke Ph.D.

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  1. Frank Zaucke Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Frank Zaucke Ph.D. .

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  1. Orthopäd.KlinikUniversitätsklinikum.Rege, Orthopäd.KlinikfürdieUniversität.Regen., Regensburg, Germany

    Susanne Grässel

  2. Dept.ofGen.,Trauma&ReconstructionSurgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany

    Attila Aszódi

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Zaucke, F. (2016). Cartilage Glycoproteins. In: Grässel, S., Aszódi, A. (eds) Cartilage. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29568-8_3

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