Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Peripheral Nerve Injuries

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Blast Injury Science and Engineering

  • 884 Accesses

Abstract

Peripheral Nerve Injuries (PNI) have always been a significant problem in war, particularly affecting recovery and rehabilitation after limb injuries; the most common site of wounding in conflict. It can be argued that war has actually been the stimulus, and provided much of the material, for our current understanding of PNI. The first systematic study of PNI was carried out during the American Civil War [1], work continued during the First World War [2], and our current classification was first described in the Second World War [3]. This classification divides the nerve injuries into three types:

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Campbell WW. Evaluation and management of peripheral nerve injury. Clin Neurophysiol. 2008;119:1951–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Delorme E. The treatment of gunshot wounds of the nerves. Br Med J. 1915;1:853–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Seddon HJ. A classification of nerve injuries. Br Med J. 1942;4260:237–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Maricevic A, Erceg M. War injuries to the extremities. Mil Med. 1997;162:808–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Birch R, Misra P, Stewart MP, Eardley WG, Ramasamy A, Brown K, Shenoy R, Anand P, Clasper J, Dunn R, Etherington J. Nerve injuries sustained during warfare: part II: outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2012;94:529–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ramasamy A, Harrison SE, Clasper JC, Stewart MPM. Injuries from roadside improvised explosive devices. J Trauma. 2008;65:910–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ramasamy A, Masouros S, Newell N, Hill A, Proud A, Brown K, Bull A, Clasper JC. In-vehicle extremity injuries from improvised explosive devices: current and future foci. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011;366:160–70.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Ramasamy A, Hill AM, Phillip R, Gibb I, Bull AM, Clasper JC. The modern “deck-slap” injury-calcaneal blast fractures from vehicle explosions. J Trauma. 2011;71:1694–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Birch R, Misra P, Stewart MP, Eardley WG, Ramasamy A, Brown K, Shenoy R, Anand P, Clasper J, Dunn R, Etherington J. Nerve injuries sustained during warfare: part I – Epidemiology. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2012;94:523–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Attributed to Weir Mitchell in: Seddon HJ. Three types of nerve injury. Brain. 1943;66:238–88.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Suneson A, Hannson HA, Seeman T. Central and peripheral nerve damage following high-energy missile wounds in the thigh. J Trauma. 1988;28:S197–203.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gupta R, Truong L, Bear D, Chafik D, Modafferi E, Hung CT. Shear stress alters the expression of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in Schwann cells. J Orthop Res. 2005;23:1232–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Mirsky R, Jessen KR. The neurobiology of Schwann cells. Brain Pathol. 1999;9:293–311.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Parry PG, Cornblath DR, Brown MJ. Transient conduction block following acute peripheral nerve ischaemia. Nuscle Nerve. 1985;8:409–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Lundborg G, Myers R, Powell H. Nerve compression injury and increased endoneural fluid pressure: a “miniature compartment syndrome”. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1983;46:1119–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Campbell JN, Meyer RA. Mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Neuron. 2006;52(1):77–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Flor H, et al. Phantom-limb pain as a perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization following arm amputation. Nature. 1995;375(6531):482.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Nampiaparampil DE. Prevalence of chronic pain after traumatic brain injury:a systematic review. JAMA. 2008;300(6):711–9. doi:10.1001/jama.300.6.711.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Attal N, et al. EFNS guidelines on pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain. Eur J Neurol. 2006;13:1153–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. NICE clinical guideline 173. Accessed at http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg173.

  21. Blonk MI, et al. Use of oral ketamine in chronic pain management: a review. Eur J Pain. 2009. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.09.005.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Aldington DJ, McQuay HJ, Moore RA. End – to –end military pain management. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011;366:268–75. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0214. Published 13 December.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, Royal British Legion Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Jon Clasper CBE, DPhil, DM, FRCSEd(Orth)

  2. Academic Department of Military Trauma and Surgery, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK

    Jon Clasper CBE, DPhil, DM, FRCSEd(Orth)

  3. Department of Anaesthetics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Paul R. Wood MB, BCh, FRCA

Authors
  1. Jon Clasper CBE, DPhil, DM, FRCSEd(Orth)
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paul R. Wood MB, BCh, FRCA
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul R. Wood MB, BCh, FRCA .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

    Anthony M. J. Bull

  2. Frimley Park Foundation Trust, Frimley, Surrey, United Kingdom

    Jon Clasper

  3. The ICT Centre, Birmingham Research Park, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

    Peter F. Mahoney

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clasper, J., Wood, P.R. (2016). Peripheral Nerve Injuries. In: Bull, A., Clasper, J., Mahoney, P. (eds) Blast Injury Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21867-0_31

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21867-0_31

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21866-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-21867-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation