Abstract
The transient behaviour of the sea and the rotation of a turbine rotor can result in high asymmetric loadings, which are transmitted to the drive shaft. A turbine mounted on a circular stanchion has been used to highlight the effects of introducing more realistic boundary conditions, over a rotational cycle of the turbine. The consequences on the turbine’s performance characteristics and crucial structural loading are shown. The position of the turbine relative to the support structure and its alignment to the flow direction can have significant temporal hydrodynamic and structural effects. Depending on their wavelength, waves can also have a significant effect on the overall design decisions and placement of devices. Thrust loading and bending moments applied to the drive shaft can be of the order of hundreds of kN and kNm, respectively. This leads to the need to not only size the drive shaft and bearings to account for axisymmetric thrust but also consider large asymmetric loads.
Knowledge of the flow regime can allow the designers to evaluate material selection for components (i.e. for blades, etc.) and incorporate some deformation capability of the turbine blades to increase the power output and potentially alleviate some of the stress distribution through key structural points, that is, drive shaft, bearing connectors, etc. The resulting data can then be used to estimate component life via fatigue prediction.
This chapter includes a multi-physics approach to modelling tidal energy devices and the potential for modelling to inform device condition monitoring.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
European Union Committee (2008) 27th report of session 2007–08—the EU’s target for renewable energy: 20 % by 2020. The Stationery Office Limited, London
DECC (2012) UK renewable energy roadmap update 2012. Crown copyright, Department of Energy & Climate Change, London
Carbon Trust (2011) Accelerating marine energy: the potential for cost reduction: insights from the carbon trust marine energy accelerator
de Laleu V (2009) La Rance tidal power plant. 40-year operation feedback—lessons learnt BHA annual conference. www.british-hydro.org/downloads/La%20Rance-BHA-Oct%202009.pdf. Accessed July 2014
Tidal Energy Limited. www.tidalenergyltd.com. Accessed July 2014
Seagen Wales. http://seagenwales.co.uk/description.php. Accessed July 2014
Royal Haskoning (2011) SeaGen environmental monitoring programme final report. http://www.marineturbines.com/sites/default/files/SeaGen-Environmental-Monitoring-Programme-Final-Report.pdf. Accessed 2 March 2013
Mason-Jones A, Evans PS, O’Doherty T, O’Doherty DM (2008) Characterisation of a tidal stream turbine design using CFD and ADCP. World Renewable Energy Conference, Glasgow
Morris CE (2014) Influence of solidity on the performance, swirl characteristics, wake recovery and blade deflection of a horizontal axis tidal turbine. PhD Thesis. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60952. Cardiff University
Pinet PR (2009) Invitation to oceanography, 5th ed. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, p. 237. ISBN 0-7637-5993–3
Lewis M, Neill SP, Hashemi MR (2014) Waves, wave direction and the tidal stream energy resource. TOS/ASLO/AGU Ocean sciences meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, 23–28 Feb 2014. http://www.eposters.net/pdfs/waves-wave-direction-and-the-tidal-stream-energy-resource.pdf. Accessed July 2014
Nicholls-Lee RF, Turnock SR, Boyd SW (2011) A method for analysing FSI on a HATT. 9th European wave and tidal energy conference, Southampton, 5–9 Sept 2011
Park SW, Park S, Rhee SH (2013) Performance predictions of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine considering the effects of blade deformation. 3rd International symposium on marine propulsors, Launceston, 5–8 May 2013
Mason-Jones A, O’Doherty DM, Morris CE, O’Doherty T (2012) Influence of a velocity profile & support structure on tidal stream turbine performance. Renew Energy. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.10.022
Frost C, Morris CE, Mason-Jones A, O’Doherty DM, O’Doherty T (2014) Effects of tidal directionality on tidal turbine characteristics. [Under review J of Renew Energy]
Mason-Jones A, O’Doherty DM, Morris CE, O’Doherty T, Byrne CB, Prickett PW, Grosvenor RI, Owen I, Tedds S, Poole RJ (2012) Non-dimensional scaling of tidal stream turbines. Energy. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.0102012
Tedds SC, Poole RJ, Owen I, Najafian G, Mason-Jones A, Morris CE, O’Doherty T, O’Doherty DM (2011) Experimental investigation of horizontal axis tidal stream turbines. 9th EWTEC, Southampton
Le Méhauté B (1976) An introduction to hydrodynamics and water waves. Springer-Verlag, New York
American Petroleum Institute (2000) Recommended practice for planning, designing and constructing fixed offshore platforms API-RP2A, 21st ed. API, Washington, D.C.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (1984) Shore protection manual. Department of the Army, Mississipi
Pedlosky J (2003) Waves in the ocean and atmosphere—introduction to wave dynamics. Springer-Verlag, New York
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude for the support of Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Welsh European Funding Office (WEFO), High Performance Computing (HPC) Wales, Fujitsu and Mabey Bridge Ltd. for their funding of the work. The support of ANSYS is also gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tatum, S., Frost, C., O’Doherty, D., Mason-Jones, A., O’Doherty, T. (2015). Modelling Tidal Stream Turbines. In: Sayigh, A. (eds) Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind Vol I. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17777-9_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17777-9_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17776-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17777-9
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)