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Summary, Perspective and Direction for Future Studies

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Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders

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Abstract

Diet, exercise, and sleep induce their effects by a network of signal transduction processes, which are modulated by diet. Levels of ROS and RNS in muscles and brain play important role in cellular health. Thus, healthy diet, moderate exercise, and optimal sleep-mediate adaptive responses in muscles and brain through low levels of ROS and RNS production. Adaptive responses are supported by the increase in blood flow, angiogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects, increase in neurogenesis and neuroplasticity along with the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme system and heat shock proteins. In contrast, production of high levels of ROS and RNS caused by consumption of unhealthy diet, high intensity exercise, and lack of sleep results in contractile dysfunction, weakness and fatigue, and hypertrophy in the muscle, which is detrimental to the immune system. In the brain high levels of ROS and RNS increase levels of proinflammatory cytokines, catecholamine, adrenalin, and cortisol along with a decrease in astrocytic glycogen in the brain. These processes may contribute to hypoglycemia, cognitive impairment, and central fatigue.

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  1. Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A. (2014). Summary, Perspective and Direction for Future Studies. In: Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04111-7_11

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