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Carbonic anhydrase (CA)-related proteins (CA-RPs), and transmembrane proteins with CA or CA-RP domains

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The Carbonic Anhydrases

Part of the book series: EXS 90 ((EXS,volume 90))

Abstract

Members of the a-carbonic anhydrase (α-CA) gene family encode not only proteins that exhibit the characteristic catalytic activity of CA (i.e., the reversible hydration of CO2), but also CA-related proteins that are apparently devoid of this activity. For a recent summary of the activity mechanisms and functions of the mammalian CA isozymes, see Sly and Hu (1995). In amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals), the active CA isozymes have been designated, CA I — CA VII, CA IX, CA XII, and CA XIII, and the presumed inactive isoforms, CA-RP VIII, CA-RP X, and CA-RP-XI. In non-amniotes, apparently inactive α-CA-related proteins (CAH-RPs) have been identified in both the nematode, C. elegans, and in the yam (Dioscorea). Additional CA-related proteins are present as transmembrane proteins in several pox viruses, and as the CA-RP N-terminal domains of the extracellular regions of the transmembrane proteins of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases β and γ (RPTPβ and γ). All of these presumably “acatalytic” CA-related isoforms probably either have no, or greatly diminished, CO2 hydration activity due to the substitution of one or more of the three histidine residues that are required to bind the zinc ion that is essential for efficient CA activity.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Richard E. Tashian

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Nils C. H. Bergenhem

  3. Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, P O. Box 20334, Houston, TX, 77225, USA

    David Hewett-Emmett

  4. Medical Genetics Unit, St. George’s Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, SW17 ORE, UK

    Nick Carter

  5. Medical Genetics Unit, St. George’s Hospital Medical School, OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA

    Nils C. H. Bergenhem

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  1. Richard E. Tashian
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  2. David Hewett-Emmett
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  3. Nick Carter
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  4. Nils C. H. Bergenhem
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1858 West Grandview Boulevard, Erie, PA, 16509, USA

    W. Richard Chegwidden

  2. Medical Genetics Unit, St George’s Hospital Medical School, London, SW17 0RE, UK

    Nicholas D. Carter

  3. MRC Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, Wolfson House, University College London, 4, Stephenson Way, London, NW1 2HE, UK

    Yvonne H. Edwards

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© 2000 Springer Basel AG

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Tashian, R.E., Hewett-Emmett, D., Carter, N., Bergenhem, N.C.H. (2000). Carbonic anhydrase (CA)-related proteins (CA-RPs), and transmembrane proteins with CA or CA-RP domains. In: Chegwidden, W.R., Carter, N.D., Edwards, Y.H. (eds) The Carbonic Anhydrases. EXS 90, vol 90. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8446-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8446-4_6

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9570-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8446-4

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