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Neuropeptides and Thyroid Function and Growth I. Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Intrathyroidal Nerves and Coexisting Peptides (NPY, VIP)

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Progress in Neuropeptide Research

Part of the book series: Birkhäuser Congress Reports Life Sciences ((ALS))

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Summary

The secretion of hormones from the thyroid and the growth processes of this gland are complexly regulated. Besides thyrotropin (TSH), some other hormones, including pineal indoleamines, adrenergic and cholinergic innervation, tissue growth factors, immunoglobulins (TSI, TBII, TGI), and a variety of intrathyroidal factors of neuropeptide (NP) nature are believed to directly affect thyroid follicular cell (TFC) function and growth or thyroid blood flow. These factors exist in the thyroid in conjunction with local nerve fibers or are present in parafollicular (C) cells. This paper summarizes data on the effects of adrenergic and cholinergic innervation on the thyroid gland. Sympathetic (norepinephrine [NE]-containing) fibers stimulate the secretion of thyroid hormones and decrease thyroid blood flow, the latter effect by a strong vasoconstriction, while parasympathetic (acetylcholin- esterase-containing) fibers do the opposite. Extensive studies in our and other laboratories have shown a definite involvement of sympathetic innervation in the control of thyroid growth response. Extirpation of superior cervical ganglia (SCG), resulting in thyroid NE depletion, stimulates the growth of the gland in question. The role of parasympathetic innervation in the regulation of thyroid growth has not, as yet, been studied.

The relation of adrenergic and cholinergic innervation to certain neuropeptides (NPY and VIP respectively) makes the topic of thyroid secretion and growth control more complex but, at the same time, more interesting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Thyrology, Department of Experimental Endocrinology and Hormone Diagnostics, Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy of Lodz, 91-425, Lodz, Dr. Sterling Str. No. 5, Poland

    A. Lewinski

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  1. A. Lewinski
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  1. Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy of Lódź, Dr. Sterling St. 3, 91-425, Lódź, Poland

    M. Pawlikowski

  2. Bissendorf Peptide GmbH, Burgwedeler Strasse 25, D-3002, Wedemark 2, Federal Republik of Germany

    K.-D. Döhler

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Lewinski, A. (1988). Neuropeptides and Thyroid Function and Growth I. Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Intrathyroidal Nerves and Coexisting Peptides (NPY, VIP). In: Pawlikowski, M., Döhler, KD. (eds) Progress in Neuropeptide Research. Birkhäuser Congress Reports Life Sciences. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5692-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5692-8_7

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