Skip to main content

User Test: How Many Users Are Needed to Find the Psychophysiological Pain Points in a Journey Map?

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2019)

Abstract

The objective of this research is to investigate how many users are needed in usability testing to identify psychophysiological pain points (PPP) experienced by users during a human-computer interaction (HCI). Fifteen subjects were tested in a new user training context and results show that out of 15 participants, 82% of the total PPP were experienced after 9 participants. Calculations using 1000 trials of random orders were then performed to demonstrate the independence of the order. This research provides guidelines about what could be an ideal sample size for user test using psychophysiological measures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Platzer, D.: Regarding the pain of users: towards a genealogy of the “pain point”. In: Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference Proceedings, pp. 301–315 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Dirican, A.C., Göktürk, M.: Psychophysiological measures of human cognitive states applied in human computer interaction. Procedia Computer Science 3, 1361–1367 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bruun, A., Heintz, M., Law, L.C., Alkly, L.H.A.: Understanding the relationship between frustration and the severity of usability problems: what can psychophysiological data (not) tell us? In: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing System, pp. 3975–3987. ACM, New York (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  4. de Guinea, A.O., Titah, R., Léger, P.M.: Explicit and implicit antecedents of users’ behavioral beliefs in information systems: a neuropsychological investigation. JMIS 30(4), 179–210 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Giroux-Huppé, C., Sénécal, S., Fredette, M., Chen, S.L., Demolin, B., Léger, P.M.: Identifying psychophysiological pain points in the online user journey: the case of online grocery. In: The HCI International 2019 Conference Proceedings (Forthcoming)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Tullis, T., Albert, W.: Measuring the User Experience: Collecting, Analyzing, and Presenting Usability Metrics, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Lewis, J.R.: Sample sizes for usability tests: mostly math, not magic. Interactions 13, 29–33 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Nielsen, J., Landauer, T.K.: A mathematical model of the finding of usability problem. In: Proceedings of the INTERCHI 1993 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 206–213. IOS Press, Amsterdam (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nielsen, J.: Estimating the number of subjects need for a thinking aloud test. IJHCS 41, 385–397 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Schmettow, M.: Sample size in usability studies. CACM 55(4), 64–70 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rohrer, C.: When to use which user-experience research methods. Nielsen Norman Group (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Vernette, E., Filser, M., Giannelloni, J.L.: Études Marketing Appliquées: De La Stratégie Au Mix: Analyses et Tests Pour Optimiser Votre Action Marketing. Dunod, Malakoff (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cockburn, A., Quinn, P., Gutwin, C.: Examining the peak-end effects of subjective experience. In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2015), pp. 357–366 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ganglbauer, E., Schrammel, J., Deutsch, S., Tscheligi, M.: Applying psychophysiological methods for measuring user experience: possibilities, challenges and feasibility. In: User Experience Evaluation Methods in Product Development (UXEM 2009) (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Andreassi, J.L.: Psychophysiology: Human Behavior and Physiological Response. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc, Mahwah (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Maia, C.L.B., Furtado, E.S.: A study about psychophysiological measures in user experience monitoring and evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 7:1–7:9. ACM, New York (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Loijens, L., Krips, O.: FaceReader Methodology Note. Wageningen, Noldus (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Dawson, M.E.: The electrodermal system. In: Cacioppo, J.T., Tassinary, L.G., Berntson, G. (eds.) Handbook of Psychophysiology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V.: Manual for the Facial Action Coding System. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto (1978)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles Lamontagne .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lamontagne, C. et al. (2020). User Test: How Many Users Are Needed to Find the Psychophysiological Pain Points in a Journey Map?. In: Ahram, T., Taiar, R., Colson, S., Choplin, A. (eds) Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. IHIET 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1018. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25629-6_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25629-6_22

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-25628-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-25629-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics