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Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Fungal Infections

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Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) of the central nervous system (CNS) leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation of CNS IFI is highly variable, leading to a delay in diagnosis. The burden of IFI has been increasing with the increasing numbers of at-risk population, opportunistic fungi in the immunocompromised patients with disseminated disease, post-neurosurgical procedures, implantable devices, spread from contiguous site (sinuses), and environmental exposures in the context of endemic fungi. However, an accurate measure of the CNS disease burden is not known with the exception of cryptococcal infection. The spectrum of the CNS IFI ranges from meningitis and meningoencephalitis to the parenchymal involvement with brain abscesses.

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Abbreviations

CARD9:

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 deficiency

CGD:

Chronic granulomatous disease

CNS:

Central nervous system

GvHD:

Graft-versus-host disease

HCT:

Hematopoietic cell transplantation

HIV/AIDS:

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

ICU:

Intensive care unit

IFI:

Invasive fungal infection

SOT:

Solid organ transplantation

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Disease, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA

    Sanjeet Singh Dadwal

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  1. Sanjeet Singh Dadwal
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Correspondence to Sanjeet Singh Dadwal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  2. Department of Pathology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Hospital & Research Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Sundaram Challa

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Avicenne Military Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Marrakech, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

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Dadwal, S.S. (2019). Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Fungal Infections. In: Turgut, M., Challa, S., Akhaddar, A. (eds) Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06088-6_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06088-6_2

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