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Tolerance to Drug Discriminative Stimuli

  • Chapter
Psychoactive Drugs

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

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Abstract

Repeated encounters with a psychoactive drug create a potent opportunity for the drug to play a critical role in the development and expression of behavior. Repeated exposure can provide the behavioral conditions necessary for psychoactive drugs to function as conditional, reinforcing, or discriminative stimuli, controlling the acquisition and occurrence of complex behavioral repertoires (Thompson and Pickens, 1971). The actual role that a specific drug plays in shaping or guiding behavior depends upon the precise conditions of an individual’s prior and current contact with the drug. When conditions are arranged so that one behavioral repertoire is reinforced in the presence of a drug, and a second in its absence, each repertoire may become most probable in the presence of its correlated pharmacological stimulus. That is, execution of a particular behavioral repertoire discriminates the presence or absence of the drug, and the drug is said to exert discriminative stimulus control of behavior. Once established, such discriminative stimulus control by a drug persists for extended periods without requiring progressive increases in dose. The potential for serving as a robust and persistent discriminative stimulus appears to be a common characteristic of psychoactive drugs (see reviews by Schuster and Balster, 1977; Young, in press). Whether or not tolerance develops to the discriminative stimulus actions of psychoactive drugs is a topic of some debate. This chapter reviews the evidence.

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Authors
  1. Alice M. Young
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  2. Christine A. Sannerud
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

    Andrew J. Goudie

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Worth, Texas, USA

    Michael W. Emmett-Oglesby

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Young, A.M., Sannerud, C.A. (1989). Tolerance to Drug Discriminative Stimuli. In: Goudie, A.J., Emmett-Oglesby, M.W. (eds) Psychoactive Drugs. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-464-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-464-1_5

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