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Molecular Techniques in Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

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Molecular Diagnostics

Part of the book series: Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ((PLM))

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Abstract

Accurate and timely diagnosis of infectious diseases is essential for proper medical management of patients. The prompt detection of the microbial pathogen also enables care providers to institute adequate measures to interrupt transmission to the susceptible population in the hospital or community. In the past, diagnoses of infectious diseases has usually been dependent on isolation of the infective agent by culture technique. Although this approach seemed adequate to identify the majority of common infections, the approach was not reliable for detection of organisms that were difficult or failed to grow in vitro or had a long incubation time. In fact, in many cases, the patient would recover long before the laboratory results became available. Because of these problems, there has been great demand for alternative techniques that would allow direct detection of infectious agents in clinical samples. Rapid antigen detection tests, such as latex agglutination, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and direct and indirect fluorescent antibody tests, were developed and, although generally reliable, have a number of limitations. These include limited sensitivity when organisms are not prevalent or do not shed large amounts of antigen into infected tissue and necessity for antigen to react rapidly with the test antibody (1). For these reasons there has been an interest and demand for newer methods for diagnosis of infectious diseases pathogens.

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  1. Jaber Aslanzadeh
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    William B. Coleman

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA

    Gregory J. Tsongalis

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Aslanzadeh, J. (1997). Molecular Techniques in Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. In: Coleman, W.B., Tsongalis, G.J. (eds) Molecular Diagnostics. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2588-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2588-9_16

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