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β2 Integrins and Their Ligands in Inflammation

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Physiology of Inflammation

Part of the book series: Methods in Physiology Series ((METHPHYS))

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Abstract

The physiology of inflammatory reactions depends on the entry of leukocytes into tissues. Members of the leukocyte integrin family of adhesion molecules play an important role in this process. Integrins mediate firm adhesion and locomotion by interacting with ligands on cells and in tissues with a dependence on divalent cations (Springer, 1994). The term integrin reflects the hypothesis that these receptors form an integral membrane linkage between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix (Tamkun et al., 1986). This is an important concept for leukocyte location because the linkage of extra-cellular matrix to cytoplasmic force generation is a central process in cell movement within tissues. Thus, cellular physiology plays an important role in the regulation of leukocyte integrins. The physiological importance of leukocyte integrins is illustrated by leukocyte adhesion deficiency-type 1 (LAD-1) (Springer et al., 1984; Anderson et al., 1995). In this disease the four members of the leukocyte integrin subfamily are decreased or absent on all leukocytes. The resulting defects in leukocyte entry into tissue sites leave patients highly susceptible to bacterial infections of the skin and mucous membranes. This chapter will relate the expression pattern, structure, and function of this adhesion receptor family to the process of inflammation and tissue repair.

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  1. Michael L. Dustin
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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

    Klaus Ley M.D.

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© 2001 American Physiological Society

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Dustin, M.L. (2001). β2 Integrins and Their Ligands in Inflammation. In: Ley, K. (eds) Physiology of Inflammation. Methods in Physiology Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7512-5_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7512-5_13

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