Skip to main content

Hematopoietic Tumors of the Thyroid

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Molecular Pathology of Endocrine Diseases

Part of the book series: Molecular Pathology Library ((MPLB,volume 3))

  • 897 Accesses

Abstract

Primary lymphoma of the thyroid gland is a relatively uncommon disease. The term “primary thyroid lymphoma” (PTL) is a nonspecific, broad term referring to any lymphoma restricted to the thyroid gland. Further classification of PTL is clinically necessary and should be based on histologic, phenotypic, and molecular features using the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. Both Hodgkin and many types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur as a PTL. However, the most common types of PTL are extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphomas) and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, NOS (DLBCL).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Freeman C, Berg JW, Cutler SJ. Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas. Cancer. 1972;29:252–260.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Staunton MD, Greening WP. Clinical diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Br Med J. 1973;4:532–535.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Aozasa K, Tsujimoto M, Sakurai M, et al. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in Osaka, Japan. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1985;21:487–492.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Derringer GA, Thompson LD, Frommelt RA, Bijwaard KE, Heffess CS, Abbondanzo SL. Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid gland: a clinicopathologic study of 108 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:623–639.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Thieblemont C, Mayer A, Dumontet C, et al. Primary thyroid lymphoma is a heterogeneous disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:105–111.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Skacel M, Ross CW, Hsi ED. A reassessment of primary thyroid lymphoma: high-grade MALT-type lymphoma as a distinct subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Histopathology. 2000;37:10–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Belal AA, Allam A, Kandil A, et al. Primary thyroid lymphoma: a retrospective analysis of prognostic factors and treatment outcome for localized intermediate and high grade lymphoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 2001;24:299–305.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. DiBiase SJ, Grigsby PW, Guo C, Lin HS, Wasserman TH. Outcome analysis for stage IE and IIE thyroid lymphoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 2004;27:178–184.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ha CS, Shadle KM, Medeiros LJ, et al. Localized non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the thyroid gland. Cancer. 2001;91:629–635.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Niitsu N, Okamoto M, Nakamura N, Nakamine H, Bessho M, Hirano M. Clinicopathologic correlations of stage IE/IIE primary thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2007;18:1203–1208.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang SA, Rahemtullah A, Faquin WC, Roepke J, Harris NL, Hasserjian RP. Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the thyroid: a clinicopathologic study of five cases and review of the literature. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:1577–1584.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Rawal A, Finn WG, Schnitzer B, Valdez R. Site-specific morphologic differences in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:1673–1678.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Remstein ED, Dogan A, Einerson RR, et al. The incidence and anatomic site specificity of chromosomal translocations in primary extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) in North America. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:1546–1553.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Joao C, Farinha P, da Silva MG, Martins C, Crespo M, Cabecadas J. Cytogenetic abnormalities in MALT lymphomas and their precursor lesions from different organs. A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study. Histopathology. 2007;50:217–224.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Moshynska OV, Saxena A. Clonal relationship between Hashimoto thyroiditis and thyroid lymphoma. J Clin Pathol. 2008;61:438–444.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Saxena A, Alport EC, Moshynska O, Kanthan R, Boctor MA. Clonal B cell populations in a minority of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. J Clin Pathol. 2004;57:1258–1263.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Dong L, Masaki Y, Takegami T, et al. Clonality analysis of lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2007;150:279–284.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Takakuwa T, Nomura S, Matsuzuka F, Inoue H, Aozasa K. Expression of interleukin-7 and its receptor in thyroid lymphoma. Lab Invest. 2000;80:1483–1490.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ohshima K, Suefuji H, Karube K, et al. Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand, mig, in gastric and thyroid marginal zone lymphomas. Possible migration and autocrine mechanism. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003;44:329–336.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Sugawara M, Matsuzuka F, Fukata S, Kuma K, Moatamed F, Haugen BR. Excessive survivin expression in thyroid lymphomas. Hum Pathol. 2002;33:524–527.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Nakatsuka S, Takakuwa T, Tomita Y, Miwa H, Matsuzuka F, Aozasa K. Role of hypermethylation of DAP-kinase CpG island in the development of thyroid lymphoma. Lab Invest. 2000;80:1651–1655.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Takakuwa T, Dong Z, Takayama H, Matsuzuka F, Nagata S, Aozasa K. Frequent mutations of Fas gene in thyroid lymphoma. Cancer Res. 2001;61:1382–1385.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Takakuwa T, Hongyo T, Syaifudin M, et al. Microsatellite instability and k-ras, p53 mutations in thyroid lymphoma. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2000;91:280–286.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ito Y, Yoshida H, Matsuzuka F, et al. Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 expression in malignant lymphoma of the thyroid: its linkage to degree of malignancy and p27 expression. Anticancer Res. 2003;23:4121–4125.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ito Y, Yoshida H, Matsuzuka F, et al. Expression of the components of the Cip/Kip family in malignant lymphoma of the thyroid. Pathobiology. 2004;71:164–170.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ito Y, Yoshida H, Matsuzuka F, et al. Cdc25A and cdc25B expression in malignant lymphoma of the thyroid: correlation with histological subtypes and cell proliferation. Int J Mol Med. 2004;13:431–435.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Ito Y, Yoshida H, Matsuzuka F, et al. Cdc2 expression in primary thyroid lymphoma: its relationship with biological aggressiveness and G2 cyclins. Pathol Res Pract. 2003;199:533–538.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Wotherspoon AC, Doglioni C, Diss TC, et al. Regression of primary low-grade B-cell gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1993;342:575–577.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Hussell T, Isaacson PG, Crabtree JE, Spencer J. The response of cells from low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue to Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1993;342:571–574.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1267–1271.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Wotherspoon AC, Ortiz-Hidalgo C, Falzon MR, Isaacson PG. Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and primary B-cell gastric lymphoma. Lancet. 1991;338:1175–1176.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Ruland J, Duncan GS, Wakeham A, Mak TW. Differential requirement for Malt1 in T and B cell antigen receptor signaling. Immunity. 2003;19:749–758.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ruland J, Duncan GS, Elia A, et al. Bcl10 is a positive regulator of antigen receptor-induced activation of NF-kappaB and neural tube closure. Cell. 2001;104:33–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ruefli-Brasse AA, French DM, Dixit VM. Regulation of NF-kappaB-dependent lymphocyte activation and development by paracaspase. Science. 2003;302:1581–1584.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Xue L, Morris SW, Orihuela C, et al. Defective development and function of Bcl10-deficient follicular, marginal zone and B1 B cells. Nat Immunol. 2003;4:857–865.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Gaide O, Favier B, Legler DF, et al. CARMA1 is a critical lipid raft-associated regulator of TCR-induced NF-kappa B activation. Nat Immunol. 2002;3:836–843.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Streubel B, Vinatzer U, Lamprecht A, Raderer M, Chott A. T(3;14)(p14.1;q32) involving IGH and FOXP1 is a novel recurrent chromosomal aberration in MALT lymphoma. Leukemia. 2005;19:652–658.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Holm LE, Blomgren H, Lowhagen T. Cancer risks in patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:601–604.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Sato Y, Nakamura N, Nakamura S, et al. Deviated VH4 immunoglobulin gene usage is found among thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, similar to the usage at other sites, but is not found in thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:1578–1584.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Ito Y, Yoshida H, Matsuzuka F, et al. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) expression is associated with cell proliferative activity and cdc2 expression in malignant lymphoma of the thyroid. Anticancer Res. 2004;24:259–263.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Morgner A, Lehn N, Andersen LP, et al. Helicobacter heilmannii-associated primary gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma: complete remission after curing the infection. Gastroenterology. 2000;118:821–828.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Lecuit M, Abachin E, Martin A, et al. Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease associated with Campylobacter jejuni. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:239–248.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Garbe C, Stein H, Dienemann D, Orfanos CE. Borrelia burgdorferi-associated cutaneous B cell lymphoma: clinical and immunohistologic characterization of four cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991;24:584–590.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Cerroni L, Zochling N, Putz B, Kerl H. Infection by Borrelia burgdorferi and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. J Cutan Pathol. 1997;24:457–461.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kutting B, Bonsmann G, Metze D, Luger TA, Cerroni L. Borrelia burgdorferi-associated primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma: complete clearing of skin lesions after antibiotic pulse therapy or intralesional injection of interferon alfa-2a. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36:311–314.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Ferreri AJ, Ponzoni M, Guidoboni M, et al. Regression of ocular adnexal lymphoma after Chlamydia psittaci-eradicating antibiotic therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:5067–5073.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ferreri AJ, Guidoboni M, Ponzoni M, et al. Evidence for an association between Chlamydia psittaci and ocular adnexal lymphomas. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:586–594.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Rosado MF, Byrne GE Jr, Ding F, et al. Ocular adnexal lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study of a large cohort of patients with no evidence for an association with Chlamydia psittaci. Blood. 2006;107:467–472.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Vargas RL, Fallone E, Felgar RE, et al. Is there an association between ocular adnexal lymphoma and infection with Chlamydia psittaci? The University of Rochester experience. Leuk Res. 2006;30:547–551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Streubel B, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Mullauer L, et al. Variable frequencies of MALT lymphoma-associated genetic aberrations in MALT lymphomas of different sites. Leukemia. 2004;18:1722–1726.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Streubel B, Lamprecht A, Dierlamm J, et al. T(14;18)(q32;q21) involving IGH and MALT1 is a frequent chromosomal aberration in MALT lymphoma. Blood. 2003;101:2335–2339.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tsao, L., Hsi, E. (2010). Hematopoietic Tumors of the Thyroid. In: Hunt, J. (eds) Molecular Pathology of Endocrine Diseases. Molecular Pathology Library, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1707-2_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1707-2_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1706-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1707-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics