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Molecular Biology of West Nile Virus

  • Chapter
West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection

Part of the book series: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21 Century ((EIDC))

Abstract

The single-stranded, positive-sense West Nile virus (WNV) RNA genome is about 11 kb in length and encodes a single polyprotein that is processed during and after translation into three structural (C, prM/M, and E) and seven nonstructural (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5) proteins. Recently obtained crystal structures of two structural and two nonstructural proteins of WNV provide new insights about the functions of these proteins. Although there are still many questions to be answered, a significant amount of data on the molecular biology of WNV and other flaviviruses has already been obtained. In this chapter, molecular aspects of virion and genome structure, the stages of the viral replication cycle in the cytoplasm of infected cells, viral protein function, conserved genomic elements, host factors involved in viral RNA replication, virus remodeling of cells, host genetic resistance, and virus virulence are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks W. Davis for producing the graphics, W. Davis and M. Emara for assistance with manuscript production, and G. Radu and S. Scherbik for proofreading.

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  1. Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Margo A. Brinton

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Brinton, M.A. (2009). Molecular Biology of West Nile Virus. In: West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79840-0_5

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