As electronics enters the nanoscopic realm, patterning and fabrication costs to manufacture nanoscale CMOS chips are expected to increase exponentially. Hence, researchers are looking at technologies that can be more viable for the miniaturization of electronics than conventional technologies that require almost perfect control over lithography, etching and other processes. One of the technologies that the microelectronics community has been investigating is chemical self-assembly of devices from elementary and identical molecular units by controlled deposition of molecular monolayers on the substrates, a technology that has given birth to molecular electronics [28].
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Bhaduri, D., Shukla, S.K., Quinn, H., Graham, P., Gokhale, M. (2008). Design and Analysis of Fault-Tolerant Molecular Computing Systems. In: Tehranipoor, M. (eds) Emerging Nanotechnologies. Frontiers in Electronic Testing, vol 37. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74747-7_14
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