Abstract
The explosive growth of ambulatory surgical programs has been one of the most formidable changes in the practice of medicine in the past 30 years. Few other events have affected so many patients in such a fundamental fashion. It has been estimated that approximately more than 80% of all surgical procedures performed in the United States are now being done on an ambulatory basis. Ambulatory surgery continues to diffuse to include a wider range of procedures, involving higher risk patients in more diverse environments increasingly removed from the traditional hospital setting.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Saklad M. Grading of patients for surgical procedures. Anesthesiology. 1941;2:281–284.
Apfelbaum JL. Preoperative evaluation, laboratory screening, and selection of adult surgical outpatients in the 1990s. Anesthesiol Rev. 1990;17:4–12.
Meridy HW. Criteria for selection of ambulatory surgical patients and guidelines for anesthetic management: a retrospective study of 1553 cases. Anesth Analg. 1982;61: 921–926.
Pasternak LR. Preoperative evaluation of the ambulatory surgery patient. Anesthesiology Report. 1990;3:8.
Dripps RD, Lamont A, Eckenhoff JE. The role of anesthesia in surgical mortality. JAMA. 1961;178:261–266.
Marx GF, Mateo CV, Orkin LR. Computer analysis of postanesthetic deaths. Anesthesiology. 1973;39:54–58.
Carter DC, Campbell D. Evaluation of the risks of surgery. Br Med Bull. 1988;44:322–340.
Arens JF. Assessment and reduction of cardiovascular anesthetic risk. Anesth Analg. 1989:52–56.
Fowkes SC, Fowkes FGR, Lunn JN, Robertson IB, Samuel P. Epidemiology in anaesthesia III: factors affecting mortality in hospitals. Br J Anaesth. 1982; 54:811–816.
Grazer FM, de Jong RH. Fatal outcomes from liposuction: census survey of cosmetic surgeons. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000;105:436–446.
Fleisher LA, Pasternak LR, Herbert R, Anderson GF. Inpatient hospital admission and death after outpatient surgery in elderly patients: importance of patient and system characteristics and location of care. Arch Surg. 2004;139:67–72.
American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Preanesthesia Evaluation. Practice advisory for preanesthesia evaluation. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:485–496.
Eagle KA, Berger PB, Calkins H, et al. ACC/AHA Guideline Update for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery—Executive Summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1996 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery). Anesth Analg. 2002;94:1052–1064.
Olsen DM, Kane RL, Proctor PH. A controlled study of multiphasic screening. N Engl J Med. 1976;294:925–930.
Korvin CC, Pearce RH, Stanley J. Admissions screening: clinical benefits. Ann Intern Med. 1975;83:197–203.
Kaplan EB, Sheiner LB, Boeckmann AJ, et al. The usefulness of preoperative laboratory screening. JAMA. 1985;253:3576–3581.
Turnbull JM, Buck C. The value of preoperative screening investigations in otherwise healthy individuals. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1101–1105.
Kitz DS, Susarz-Ladden C, Lecky JH. Hospital resources used for inpatient and ambulatory surgery. Anesthesiology. 1988;69:383–386.
Fischer SP. Development and effectiveness of an anesthesia preoperative evaluation clinic in a teaching hospital. Anesthesiology. 1996;85:196–206.
Bryson GL, Wyand A, Bragg PR. Preoperative testing is inconsistent with published guidelines and rarely changes management. Can J Anaesth. 2006;53:236–241.
Yuan H, Chung F, Wong D, Edward R. Current preoperative testing practices in ambulatory surgery are widely disparate: a survey of CAS members. Can J Anaesth. 2005;52:675–679.
Olson RP, Stone A, Lubarsky D. The prevalence and significance of low preoperative hemoglobin in ASA 1 or 2 outpatient surgery candidates. Anesth Analg. 2005; 101:1337–1340.
Fleisher LA. Routine laboratory testing in the elderly: is it indicated? Anesth Analg. 2001;93:249–250.
Zilva JF. Is unselective urine biochemical urine testing cost effective? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985;291:323–325.
Lawrence VA, Gafni A, Gross M. The unproven utility of the preoperative urinalysis economic evaluation. J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42:1185–1192.
Rucker L, Frye E, Staten MA. Usefulness of screening chest roentgenograms in preoperative patients. JAMA. 1983;250:3209–3211.
Charpak Y, Blery C, Chastang C, Szatan M, Fourgeaux B. Prospective assessment of a protocol for selective ordering of preoperative chest x-rays. Can J Anaesth. 1988;35:259–265.
Hackman T, Steward DJ. What is the value of preoperative hemoglobin determinations in pediatric outpatients? Anesthesiology. 1989;71:A1168.
O’Conner ME, Drasner K. Preoperative laboratory testing of children undergoing elective surgery. Anesth Analg. 1990;70:176–180.
Bold AM. Use and abuse of clinical chemistry in surgery. Br Med J. 1965; 2:1051–1052.
Zibrak JD, O’Donnell CR, Marton K. Indications for pulmonary function testing. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:763–771.
Schein OD, Katz J, Bass EB, et al. The value of routine preoperative medical testing before cataract surgery. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:168–175.
Guyatt G, Cairns J, Churchill D, et al. Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 1992;268:2420–2425.
Mallampati SR, Gatt SP, Gugino LD, et al. A clinical sign to predict difficult tracheal intubation: a prospective study. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1985;32:429–434.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pasternak, L.R. (2008). Preanesthesia Evaluation and Testing. In: Twersky, R.S., Philip, B.K. (eds) Handbook of Ambulatory Anesthesia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73329-6_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73329-6_1
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-73328-9
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-73329-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)