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Cladophialophora bantiana

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Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Cladophialophora bantiana is a thermotolerant multinucleated saprophytic black mold that reproduces asexually via unicellular conidia. Melanin present in C. bantiana is a potential virulence factor for the pathogenesis of central nervous system infections and is the reason behind the darkly pigmented appearance, which gives a specific name to its infection: phaeohyphomycosis, meaning “of dark hyphal fungus.” Overall, 48% of the cerebral phaeohyphomycosis cases reported were caused by C. bantiana, with a mortality of 71%. Prolonged treatment with antifungal medicine, especially when combined with newer antifungals, can give more promising results. Even when complete resection and long-term antifungal treatment suggest resolution, infections with C. bantiana should be followed up for 1–2 years after apparent resolution to avoid relapse.

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Abbreviations

AFLP:

Amplified fragment length polymorphism

CNS:

Central nervous system

CT:

Computed tomography

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

DHN:

Dihydroxynaphthalene

DOPA:

Dihydroxyphenylalanine

ITS:

Internal transcribed spacer

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

UV:

Ultraviolet

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul, Turkey

    Hurriyet Deniz Ozgun

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, USA

    Hurriyet Deniz Ozgun & Steven A. Toms

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA

    Darren L. Jacobs

  4. Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA

    Steven A. Toms

Authors
  1. Hurriyet Deniz Ozgun
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  2. Darren L. Jacobs
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  3. Steven A. Toms
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Steven A. Toms .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  2. Department of Pathology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Hospital & Research Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Sundaram Challa

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Avicenne Military Hospital, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Marrakech, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

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Ozgun, H.D., Jacobs, D.L., Toms, S.A. (2019). Cladophialophora bantiana . In: Turgut, M., Challa, S., Akhaddar, A. (eds) Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06088-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06088-6_14

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-06087-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-06088-6

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