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Potential of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Transplantation

  • Cellular Transplants (J Grinyó, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) are the most important subset of antigen presenting cells (APC) that are able to polarize the immune response to pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory response. This duality places DC in the axis between tolerance and immunogenicity. The regulation of polarization is the key point in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation. In order to manipulate this duality, DC have been generated ex vivo with a tolerogenic or immunogenic profile since several years. During the last decade, cell therapy using tolerogenic DC (TolDC) has been shown to be safe and effective both in autoimmune diseases and transplantation models in animals. Since 2011, recipient TolDC has been tested in clinical trials in type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s diseases with favourable results in terms of safety. Indeed, other clinical trials are ongoing including a phase I/II clinical assay in kidney transplantation. In this review, we will discuss the potential of TolDC that has been demonstrated in animal models and used in clinical trials.

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Abbreviations

GM-CSF:

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

IL:

Interleukin

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-beta

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

DEC:

Dendritic and epithelial cells

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

NF-kB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells

AAV:

Adeno-associated virus

PD-1:

Programmed cell death protein-1

PDL-1:

Programmed cell death ligand-1

IFN-γ:

Interferon gamma

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

CTLA-4:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4

LAG-3:

lymphocyte-activation gene-3

Th:

T-cell helper

MOG:

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

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Acknowledgments

The work performed in the INSERM Unit 1064 and presented in this review was funded by IMBIO-DC, Fondation Progreffe, DHU Oncogreffe, The ONE Study (FP7-260687) and BIODRIM (FP7-305147) European Union 7th Framework Programs. The work of INSERM U1064 was also supported by funds from IHU-CESTI (Investissement d’Avenir ANR-10-IBHU-005, Région Pays de la Loire and Nantes Métropole) and the Labex IGO project (n° ANR-11-LABX-0016-01).

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  1. INSERM UMR1064, Center for Research in Transplantation and Immunology, Nantes, France

    Eros Marín, Maria Cristina Cuturi & Aurélie Moreau

  2. CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Nephrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France

    Eros Marín, Maria Cristina Cuturi & Aurélie Moreau

  3. Université de Nantes, Nantes, France

    Eros Marín, Maria Cristina Cuturi & Aurélie Moreau

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  1. Eros Marín
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Correspondence to Aurélie Moreau.

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Maria Cristina Cuturi, Eros Marín and Aurélie Moreau declare no conflicts of interest.

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Marín, E., Cuturi, M.C. & Moreau, A. Potential of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Transplantation. Curr Transpl Rep 3, 227–235 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40472-016-0109-6

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