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Review of Manganese Processing for Production of TRIP/TWIP Steels, Part 1: Current Practice and Processing Fundamentals

  • Characterization of Advanced High Strength Steels for Automobiles
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Abstract

The increasing demand for high-performance steel alloys has led to development of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) alloys over the past three decades. These alloys offer exceptional combinations of high tensile strength and ductility. Thus, the mechanical behavior of these alloys has been a subject of significant work in recent years. However, the challenge of economically providing Mn in the quantity and purity required by these alloys has received considerably less attention. To enable commercial implementation of ultrahigh-Mn alloys, it is desirable to lower the high material costs associated with their production. Therefore, the present work reviews Mn processing routes in the context of the chemical requirements of these alloys. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of the art regarding reduction of manganese ores and provide a comprehensive reference for researchers working to mitigate material processing costs associated with Mn production. The review is presented in two parts: Part 1 introduces TRIP and TWIP alloys, current industrial practice, and pertinent thermodynamic fundamentals; Part 2 addresses available literature regarding reduction of Mn ores and oxides, and seeks to identify opportunities for future process development.

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Fig. 1

Adapted from Bouaziz et al.,7 Keeler and Kimchi,15 Lee and Han,18 and Hernandez et al.19

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, STPGP463252-14). Additional thanks go to ArcelorMittal Dofasco, Stelco, Praxair, and Hatch Ltd. for in-kind support and technical expertise.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    R. Elliott, K. Coley & M. Barati

  2. McMaster Steel Research Centre, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    K. Coley

  3. Hatch Ltd, 2800 Speakman Drive, Mississauga, Canada

    S. Mostaghel

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  1. R. Elliott
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Elliott, R., Coley, K., Mostaghel, S. et al. Review of Manganese Processing for Production of TRIP/TWIP Steels, Part 1: Current Practice and Processing Fundamentals. JOM 70, 680–690 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-2769-4

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