Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

New sources of resistance to lettuce aphids in Lactuca spp.

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arthropod-Plant Interactions Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The use of resistant cultivars is one of the best ways to protect lettuce from aphid pests. At present, there are cultivars available with nearly complete resistance to Nasonovia ribisnigri biotype Nr:0 (based on the Nr gene) and partial resistance to Macrosiphum euphorbiae. Nevertheless, a new biotype of N. ribisnigri (Nr:1) able to overcome the resistance based on the Nr gene is expanding around Europe and has become a major threat of lettuce. In the present work, we report the presence of this new biotype in southeastern Spain, a major lettuce-producing region. Furthermore, a pool of 264 germplasm accessions belonging to Lactuca genus was tested in a greenhouse assay to search for new resistance sources to N. ribisnigri. The most promising accessions were retested in the laboratory to characterize the resistance by means of free-choice and antibiosis assays against biotypes Nr:0 and Nr:1 of N. ribisnigri and against a clone of M. euphorbiae. Three accessions of L. virosa showed resistance against the target aphid species and could be of interest for ongoing breeding programs. The accessions CGN16272 and CGN13361 were both partially resistant to the Nr:1 biotype of N. ribisnigri and to M. euphorbiae, and CGN13355, in spite of not being resistant to N. ribisnigri, showed a near complete resistance to M. euphorbiae. The study of the feeding behavior of N. ribisnigri biotypes showed that the Nr:1 biotype is able to maintain a similar phloem feeding ingestion pattern on genotypes bearing the Nr gene and on N. ribisnigri-susceptible lettuce genotypes. Moreover, as aphids rejected L. virosa as a feeding source due to superficial factors (high level of antixenosis), no differences in the level of antibiosis between such genotypes were detected. A second set of screening assays were conducted on 40 accessions of L. virosa in order to select for resistance against the Nr:1 biotype. The results showed three accessions with high levels of resistance (CGN05148, CGN21399 and CGN16274) against Nr:1 that could be of interest in lettuce breeding programs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barber MD, Moores GD, Tatchell GM, Vice WE, Denholm I (1999) Insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the UK. Bull Entomol Res 89(1):17–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bi J-L, Toscano NC (2006) Field evaluation of head lettuce varietal resistance to the green peach aphid and the lettuce aphid in southern California. Subtropical Plant Sci 58:26–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackman RL, Eastop VF (2006) Aphids on the world’s herbaceous plants and shrubs, vol 2: the aphids. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Broeke CJ Mt, Loon JJ Av, Dicke M (2011) Feeding behaviour and performance studies on different populations of the black currant—lettuce aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri on resistant and susceptible lettuce cultivars. In: Hemipteran-plant interactions symposium. Piracicaba (Brazil), pp 11–14

  • Cabrera y Poch HL, Ponz F, Fereres A (1998) Searching for resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana to the green peach aphid Myzus persicae. Plant Sci 138(2):209–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz B, Fereres A (2005) Life table and population parameters of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera: Aphididae) at different constant temperatures. Environ Entomol 34:527–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dogimont C, Bendahmane A, Chovelon V, Boissot N (2010) Host plant resistance to aphids in cultivated crops: genetic and molecular bases, and interactions with aphid populations. C R Biol 333(6–7):566–573

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eenink AH, Dieleman FL (1982) Resistance of Lactuca accessions to leaf aphids components of resistance and exploitation of wild Lactuca species as sources of resistance. In: Visser JH, Minks AK (eds) Insect-plant relationships, Proceedings of the 5th international symposium, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Center for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp 349–355

  • Eenink AH, Dieleman FL (1983) Inheritance of resistance to the leaf aphid Nasonovia ribis-nigri in the wild lettuce species Lactuca virosa. Euphytica 32(3):691–695

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eenink AH, Dieleman FL, Groenwold R (1982a) Resistance of lettuce (Lactuca) to the leaf aphid Nasonovia ribis-nigri. 2. Inheritance of the resistance. Euphytica 31(2):301–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eenink AH, Groenwold R, Dieleman FL (1982b) Resistance of lettuce (Lactuca) to the leaf aphid Nasonovia ribis-nigri. 1: transfer of resistance from L. virosa to L. sativa by interspecific crosses and selection of resistant breeding lines. Euphytica 31(2):291–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Febvay G, Rahbé Y, van Helden M (1996) MacStylet, software to analyse electrical penetration graph on the Macintosh. Entomol Exp Appl 80:105–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher RA (1935) The design of experiments. Oliver and Boyd, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Kift NB, Mead A, Reynolds K, Sime S, Baber MD, Denholm I, Tatchell GM (2004) The impact of insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri, on pest management in lettuce. Agri For Entomol 6:295–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu YB (2004) Distribution and population development of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera: Aphididae) in iceberg lettuce. J Econ Entomol 97(3):883–890

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mackenzie JR, Vernon RS (1988) Sampling for distribution of the lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera: Aphididae), in fields and within heads. J Entomol Soc Br Columbia 85:10–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Maisonneuve B (2003) Lactuca virosa, a source of disease resistance genes for lettuce breeding: results and difficulties for gene introgression. In: Th.J.L. van Hintum, Lebeda A, Pink D, Schut JW (eds) Eucarpia leafy vegetables. CGN, pp 61–67

  • MARM (2010) Anuario Estadístico 2009. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Rural y Marino, Madrid

  • Martin C, Schoen L, Rufingier C, Pasteur N (1996) A contribution to the integrated pest management of the aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri in salad crops. Integ Control Field Veg Pests IOBC Bull 19:98–101

    Google Scholar 

  • McLean DL, Kinsey MG (1964) A technique for electronically recording aphid feeding and salivation. Nature 4939:1358–1359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reinink K, Dieleman FL (1989) Comparison of sources of resistance to leaf aphids in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Euphytica 40(1–2):21–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Rijk Z (2010) Lettuce Lactuca sativa L. http://www.rijkzwaanexport.com/RZZ/Export/siteexp.nsf/webpages/580CCD1D94CD35E8C1257248003DACA8. Accessed 19 Oct 2010

  • Rufingier C, Schoen L, Martin C, Pasteur N (1997) Resistance of Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera: Aphididae) to five insecticides. J Econ Entomol 90(6):1445–1449

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarria E, Cid M, Garzo E, Fereres A (2009) Excel workbook for automatic parameter calculation of EPG data. Comput Electron Agric 67(1–2):35–42. doi:10.1016/j.compag.2009.02.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer C (2008) Salatanbau—noch kein genereller Durchbruch der Nasonovia-Resistenz. Auszug aus Gemusebau-Info 10/2008

  • Sauer C, Lucia N, Buser H (2010) Salatblattlaus: Sortenresistenz bleibt wichtig. Der Gemusebau/Le Maraîcher, vol 2

  • Tjallingii WF (1978) Electronic recording of penetration behaviour by aphids. Entomol Exp Appl 24:521–530

    Google Scholar 

  • Tjallingii WF (1985) Electrical nature of recorded signals during stylet penetration by aphids. Entomol Exp Appl 38:177–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Arend AJM (2003) The possibility of Nasonovia ribisnigri resistance breaking biotype development due to plant host resistance: a literature study. In: Th.J.L. van Hintum, Lebeda A, Pink D, Schut JW (eds) Eucarpia leafy vegetables. CGN, pp 75–81

  • van Helden M, Tjallingii WF (1993) Tissue localization of lettuce resistance to the aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri using electrical penetration graphs. Entomol Exp Appl 68:269–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Helden M, van Heest HPNF, van Beek TA, Tjallingii WF (1995a) Development of a bioassay to test phloem sap samples from lettuce for resistance to Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera, Aphididae). J Chem Ecol 21(6):761–774

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Helden M, van Heest HPNF, van Beek TA, Tjallingii WF (1995b) Development of a bioassay to test phloem sap samples from lettuce for resistance to Nasonovia ribisnigri (Homoptera, Aphididae). J Chem Ecol 21(6):761–774

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wyatt IJ, White PF (1977) Simple estimation of intrinsic increase rates for aphids and tetranychid mites. J Appl Ecol 14:757–766

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dpto. de Protección Vegetal., Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ICA-CSIC, c/Serrano 115 dpdo., 28006, Madrid, Spain

    M. Cid & A. Fereres

  2. Zeta Seeds S.L., Paraje el Jabonero s/n., 04100, Nijar Almería, Spain

    A. Ávila, A. García & J. Abad

Authors
  1. M. Cid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Ávila
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. García
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. Abad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Fereres
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Fereres.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Michael Smith.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cid, M., Ávila, A., García, A. et al. New sources of resistance to lettuce aphids in Lactuca spp.. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 6, 655–669 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-012-9213-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-012-9213-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation