Abstract
The taxonomic and genetic diversity of Cortinarius section Calochroi in one of the most biodiversity-rich regions in Europe, the Iberian Peninsula, was investigated through morphological and phylogenetic methods. This combined methodological approach allowed the identification of 15 known species and one new species, Cortinarius ortegae, which is described here. A dichotomous key is provided for field recognition of Calochroi species inhabiting different Iberian and Balearic Island woodlands. Polymorphism analyses within some studied species showed that the distribution of intraspecific lineages is dependent on geography and, in some cases, tree host. Furthermore, the dating analysis suggested that diversification within Calochroi started in the Pliocene and most of the current genetic diversity originated in the Pleistocene. This temporal scenario supports hypotheses in which climatic oscillations in the Quaternary may have been driving the evolution of this group of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
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Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to J.A. Cadiñanos Aguirre, J.D. Reyes and E. Suárez for sharing some Calochroi collections. We also thank S. García and P. Alvarado for collaborating in the production of molecular data. Asunción de los Ríos (Dept. of Biogeochemistry and Microbial Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences) is also thanked for providing necessary resources for conducting this work.
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Online Resource 1
GenBank accession numbers of nrITS sequences used in phylogenetic and population genetic analyses (PDF 294 kb)
Online Resource 2
Calochroid species for which polymorphism statistics were calculated (see the “Material and methods” section), and associated plant species and source (in square brackets). Specimens studied in the present work are highlighted in bold. The type locality is indicated when known. Codes correspond with different countries (see www.countrycode.org). “m.f.”, mixed forest (PDF 301 kb)
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Phylogram depicting the evolutionary relationships of members in Cortinarius section Calochroi obtained with the software SATé v. 2.2.7 and based on nrITS data. Terminals belonging to one phylogenetic species and represented by two or more sequences are collapsed for better visualisation. Species found in the Iberian Peninsula are highlighted, including the new species reported in the present study. Bootstrap support values are given for each node, and branches showing strong support (BP ≥ 70%) are in bold (PDF 439 kb)
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Mahiques, R., Ballarà, J., Salom, J.C. et al. Morphogenetic diversity of the ectomycorrhizal genus Cortinarius section Calochroi in the Iberian Peninsula. Mycol Progress 17, 815–831 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1394-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1394-5