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Through Adversity Comes Strength: Volunteering and Self-Esteem Among People with Physical Disabilities

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Abstract

The goal of the present study was to examine differences in self-esteem between volunteers with physical disabilities and their counterparts who do not volunteer. Another goal was to examine the contribution of the characteristics of the volunteering experience (motives for volunteering, satisfaction with the rewards of volunteering, and the quality of relationships with beneficiaries) to explain self-esteem among volunteers with physical disabilities. The research sample included 160 Israeli participants with different physical disabilities. Of these, 95 volunteered and 65 did not volunteer. Participants who volunteered had higher self-esteem than those who did not. The findings highlight the compensatory role of volunteering for people with disabilities: The contribution of volunteering to enhancing self-esteem was mainly evident among participants with poor socioeconomic resources (low education, low economic status, and unemployed). Egoistic and altruistic motives for volunteering as well as satisfaction with the rewards of volunteering contributed to explaining self-esteem.

Résumé

La présente étude a pour but d’examiner les différences qui existent dans l’estime de soi des bénévoles aux prises avec des handicaps physiques et leurs homologues non bénévoles. Elle cherche aussi à examiner la contribution des caractéristiques de l’expérience bénévole (motifs, satisfaction offerte par les récompenses du bénévolat et qualité des relations avec les bénéficiaires) pour expliquer l’estime de soi que ressentent les bénévoles handicapés. L’échantillon incluait 160 participants israéliens vivant avec divers handicaps physiques. De ce nombre, 95 étaient bénévoles et 65 ne l’étaient pas. Les participants bénévoles avaient une plus grande estime de soi que les non-bénévoles. Les résultats soulignent le rôle compensatoire du bénévolat chez les personnes vivant avec un handicap: la contribution du bénévolat envers l’estime de soi était principalement évidente parmi les participants jouissant de ressources socioéconomiques médiocres (faible niveau d’éducation, bas statut économique et sans-emploi). L’estime de soi s’expliquait en partie par la présence de motifs égoïstes et altruistes incitant au bénévolat et la satisfaction offerte par ses récompenses.

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Unterschiede im Selbstwertgefühl zwischen körperlich behinderten Personen, die sich ehrenamtlich engagieren und denen, die nicht ehrenamtlich tätig sind, zu untersuchen. Ein weiteres Ziel war die Untersuchung dahingehend, wie die Erfahrung im Rahmen der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit (Motive für das ehrenamtliche Engagement, Zufriedenheit mit der Belohnung für das ehrenamtliche Engagement und die Qualität der Beziehungen zu den Leistungsempfängern) zum Selbstwertgefühl körperlich behinderter Ehrenamtlicher beiträgt. Die Stichprobe umfasste 160 israelische Teilnehmer mit unterschiedlichen körperlichen Behinderungen. Davon waren 95 Personen ehrenamtlich tätig, während sich 65 Personen nicht ehrenamtlich engagierten. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die kompensatorische Rolle der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit für behinderte Menschen: Die Erhöung des Selbstwertgefühls aufgrund einer ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit war hauptsächlich bei Teilnehmern festzustellen, die über geringe sozioökonomische Ressourcen verfügen (niedriger Bildungsstand, niedriger ökonomischer Status und Arbeitslosigkeit). Egoistische und altruistische Motive für ein ehrenamtliches Engagement sowie die Zufriedenheit mit der Belohnung für die ehrenamtliche Arbeit trugen zur Erklärung des Selbstwertgefühls bei.

Resumen

La meta del presente estudio era examinar las diferencias en la autoestima entre voluntarios con discapacidades físicas y sus contrapartes que no realizan voluntariado. Otra meta era examinar la contribución de las características de la experiencia del voluntariado (motivos para realizar voluntariado, satisfacción con las recompensas del voluntariado, y la calidad de las relaciones con los beneficiarios) para explicar la autoestima entre los voluntarios con discapacidades físicas. La muestra de la investigación incluyó a 160 participantes israelíes con diferentes discapacidades físicas. De estos, 95 realizaban voluntariado y 65 no lo hacían. Los participantes que realizaban voluntariado tenían una mayor autoestima que aquellos que no lo realizaban. Los hallazgos resaltan el papel compensatorio del voluntariado para las personas con discapacidad: la contribución del voluntariado para mejorar la autoestima resultó especialmente evidente entre los participantes con recursos socioeconómicos bajos (baja educación, bajo estatus económico, y desempleado). Los motivos egoístas y altruistas para realizar voluntariado, así como la satisfacción con las recompensas del voluntariado contribuyeron a explicar la autoestima.

Chinese

本研究的目的在于探究身体残障志愿者以及非志愿者身体残障人士之间在自尊方面的不同。另一个目标在于探究志愿经验特征的贡献(志愿行为的动机、志愿行为回报带给人的满足感以及与受益人关系质量),以为身体残障志愿者的自尊提供解释。研究样本包括160名具有不同身体残疾的参与者。在这些参与者中,95名曾参加志愿活动,而65名未曾参加志愿活动。与那些不曾参加志愿活动的参与者而言,曾参加志愿活动的参与者具有较高自尊。研究结果凸显了志愿行为对于残障人士的补偿作用:志愿行为在增强自尊方面的贡献主要那些社会经济资源较为贫乏(教育水平较低、经济状况较差以及失业者等)的参与者中有明显表现。志愿行为的利己与利他动机以及从志愿行为回报中所获得的满足感为这种自尊增强提供了解释。

Arabic

كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو فحص الإختلافات في تقدير الذات بين المتطوعين ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية ونظرائهم الذين لا يتطوعون. كان هدف آخر هو دراسة مساهمة خصائص التجربة التطوعية (دوافع التطوع، الإرتياح لمكافآت التطوع، وجودة العلاقات مع المستفيدين) لشرح إحترام الذات لدى المتطوعين ذوي الإعاقات الجسدية. شملت عينة البحث 160 مشارك إسرائيلي يعانون من إعاقات جسدية مختلفة. من بين هؤلاء، 95 تطوعوا و 65 لم يتطوعوا. كان المشاركون الذين تطوعوا لديهم إحترام الذات أعلى من أولئك الذين لم يفعلوا ذلك. تسلط النتائج الضوء على الدور التعويضي للعمل التطوعي بالنسبة للمعاقين: فقد كان إسهام التطوع في تعزيز إحترام الذات واضح بشكل أساسي بين المشاركين ذوي الموارد االجتماعية-الإقتصادية الضعيفة (تعليم منخفض، وضع إلقتصادي منخفض، العاطلين عن العمل). قد ساهمت دوافع التطوع الأناني والإغواء على العمل التطوعي، فضلا” عن الإرتياح لمكافآت التطوع، في تفسير إحترام الذات.

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    Liat Kulik

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The research sample was treated according to ethical standards as was approved by the Institution Review board of School of Social Work—Bar Ilan university.

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Table 7 Loadings after varimax rotation: volunteering motives
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Kulik, L. Through Adversity Comes Strength: Volunteering and Self-Esteem Among People with Physical Disabilities. Voluntas 29, 174–189 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-017-9914-5

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