Screening for pre-hypertension and elevated cardiovascular risk factors in a Thai community pharmacy

Abstract

Objectives To identify subjects with pre-hypertension and elevated cardiovascular risk factors in a community pharmacy and to assess their readiness to adopt lifestyle changes. Setting An accredited community pharmacy in Songkla province, Thailand.Method Subjects aged ≥ 35 years old and reporting no hypertension or other cardiovascular disease were included. Blood pressure was measured using the Microlife BP 3AC1-1. Those with pre-hypertension or hypertension defined by the JNC 7, and reporting no diabetes and/or dyslipidemia, were checked for blood glucose and/or total cholesterol with the Accutrend GCT monitor. Other risk factors were collected. Their readiness to adopt healthy lifestyles was evaluated. Main outcome measure The prevalence of pre-hypertension and elevated cardiovascular risk factors. Results 350 subjects met the study criteria. Approximately 36 and 29% were pre-hypertensive and hypertensive, respectively. Two of these had blood glucose > 200 mg/dl but about 47% had total cholesterol > 200 mg/dl. Most common modifiable cardiovascular risks were inadequate exercise and elevated body mass index (~52% each). Almost 40% were ready to adopt healthy lifestyles within 1–6 months. Conclusion Subjects at risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease can be identified by community pharmacists, with the use of point-of-care devices and careful interview.