Skip to main content
Log in

Two-dimensional metallic square-hole array for enhancement of mid-wavelength infrared photodetection

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We report comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional metallic square-hole array with a square lattice for surface plasmon enhancement of mid-wavelength infrared photodetection. Our results show that the highest transmission efficiency is achieved when hole side is around half of periodicity and the optimized thickness of the metal layer for the array is about twice of the surface plasmon-polariton penetration depth into the metal. By comparing the transmission and the reflection spectra of the arrays made of different metals, gold is found to be the best.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barnes, W.L.: Surface plasmon-polariton length scales a route to sub-wavelength optics. J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 8, S87–S93 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, W.L., Dereux, A., Ebbesen, T.W.: Surface plasmon subwavelength optics. Nature 424, 824–830 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Berini, P.: Surface plasmon photodetectors and their applications. Laser Photonics Rev. 8, 197–220 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bethe, H.A.: Theory of diffraction by small holes. Phys. Rev. 66, 163–182 (1944)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Bouwkamp, C.J.: Diffraction theory. Rep. Prog. Phys. 17, 35–100 (1954)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, C.Y., Chang, H.Y., Chen, C.Y., Tsai, M.W., Chang, Y.T., Lee, S.C., Tang, S.F.: Wavelength selective quantum dot infrared photodetector with periodic metal hole arrays. Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 163107 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, J.C.C., Yang, Z.P., Huang, D., Cardimona, D.A., Lin, S.Y.: Strong light concentration at the subwavelength scale by a metallic hole-array structure. Opt. Lett. 34, 106–108 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, C.C., Sharma, Y.D., Kim, Y.S., Bur, J.A., Shenoi, R.V., Krishna, S., Huang, D., Lin, S.Y.: A surface plasmon enhanced infrared photodetector based on InAs quantum dots. Nano Lett. 10, 1704–1709 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, X.Z., Zhang, D.H., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Li, J.H., Wee, A.T.S., Ramam, A.: InSbN based p–n junctions for infrared photodetection. Electron. Lett. 46, 787–788 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Degiron, A., Lezec, H.J., Barnes, W.L., Ebbesen, T.W.: Effects of hole depth on enhanced light transmission through subwavelength hole arrays. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4327–4329 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ebbesen, T.W., Lezec, H.J., Ghaemi, H.F., Thio, T., Wolff, P.A.: Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays. Nature 391, 667–669 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Genet, C., Ebbesen, T.W.: Light in tiny holes. Nature 445, 39–46 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gu, G., Vaillancourt, J., Vasinajindakaw, P., Lu, X.: Backside-configured surface plasmonic structure with over 40 times photocurrent enhancement. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 28, 105005 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gu, G., Mojaverian, N., Vaillancourt, J., Lu, X.: Surface plasmonic resonance induced near-field vectors and their contribution to quantum dot infrared photodetector enhancement. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 47, 435106 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J.D., Razeghi, M.: Investigation of InAsSb infrared photodetectors for near room temperature operation. Opto-Electron. Rev. 6, 217–230 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S.C., Krishna, S., Brueck, S.R.J.: Quantum dot infrared photodetector enhanced by surface plasma wave excitation. Opt. Express 17, 23160–23168 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, R., Vasinajindakaw, P., Gu, G., Vaillancourt, J., Lu, X.: Optimizing light absorption in quantum dot infrared photodetectors by tuning surface confinement of surface plasmonic waves. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 46, 015102 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Martyniuk, P., Rogalski, A.: HOT infrared photodetectors. Opto-Electron. Rev. 21, 239–257 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Palik, E.D.: Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. Academic, New York (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogalski, A.: Infrared detectors: status and trends. Prog. Quantum Electron. 27, 59–210 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogalski, A.: HgCdTe infrared detector material: history, status and outlook. Rep. Prog. Phys. 68, 2267–2336 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogalski, A., Ciupa, R., Larkowski, W.: Near room-temperature InAsSb photodiodes: theoretical predictions and experimental data. Solid State Electron. 39, 1593–1600 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharabani, Y., Paltiel, Y., Sher, A., Raizman, A., Zussman, A.: InAsSb/GaSb heterostructure based mid-wavelength-infrared detector for high temperature operation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 232106 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shenoi, R.V., Ramirez, D.A., Sharma, Y., Attaluri, R.S., Rosenberg, J., Painter, O.J., Krishna, S.: Plasmon assisted photonic crystal quantum dot sensors. Proc. SPIE 6713, 67130P (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shenoi, R.V., Bur, J., Huang, D., Lin, S.Y.: Extraordinary plasmon-QD interaction for enhanced infrared absorption. Proc. SPIE 8632, 86321L (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shi, W., Zhang, D.H., Zheng, H.Q., Yoon, S.F., Kam, C.H., Raman, A.: Effects of arsenic beam equivalent pressure on InGaAsP grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy with continuous white phosphorous production. J. Cryst. Growth 197, 89–94 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Soibel, A., Hill, C.J., Keo, S.A., Hoglund, L., Rosenberg, R., Kowalczyk, R., Khoshakhlagh, A., Fisher, A., Ting, D.Z.Y., Gunapala, S.D.: Room temperature performance of mid-wavelength infrared InAsSb nBn detectors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 023512 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Stanley, R.: Plasmonics in the mid-infrared. Nat. Photonics 6, 409–411 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., Zhang, D.H., Chen, X.Z., Jin, Y.J., Li, J.H., Liu, J.C., Wee, A.T.S., Zhang, S., Ramam, A.: Bonding and diffusion of nitrogen in the InSbN alloys fabricated by two-step ion implantation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 021905 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, W., Bonakdar, A., Mohseni, H.: Plasmonic enhanced quantum well infrared photodetector with high detectivity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 161107 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhai, S.Q., Liu, J.Q., Liu, F.Q., Wang, Z.G.: A normal incident quantum cascade detector enhanced by surface plasmons. Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 181104 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, D.H., Shi, W.: Dark current and infrared absorption of p-doped InGaAs/AlGaAs strained quantum wells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 1095–1097 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, D.H., Radhakrishnan, K., Yoon, S.F.: Characterization of beryllium-doped molecular beam epitaxial grown GaAs by photoluminescence. J. Cryst. Growth 148, 35–40 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, D.H., Liu, W., Sun, L., Fan, W.J., Yoon, S.F., Wang, S.Z., Liu, H.C.: Transverse electric dominant intersubband absorption in Si-doped GaInAsN/GaAs quantum wells. J. Appl. Phys. 99, 043514 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, D.H., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Chen, X.Z., Li, J.H., Huang, Z.M., Zhang, Sam: InSbN alloys prepared by two-step ion implantation for infrared photodetection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 131107 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the Economic Development Board (NRF2013SAS-SRP001-019), the Ministry of Education (RG86/13), A*Star (1220703063), Singapore and Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (FA2386-14-1-0013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dao-Hua Zhang.

Additional information

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices, NUSOD’ 15.

Guest Edited by Julien Javaloyes, Weida Hu, Slawek Sujecki and Yuh-Renn Wu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Qiu, S., Tobing, L.Y.M., Tong, J. et al. Two-dimensional metallic square-hole array for enhancement of mid-wavelength infrared photodetection. Opt Quant Electron 48, 203 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0472-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0472-7

Keywords

Navigation