Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Information Leakage in Efficient Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in Both Polarization and Spatial-Mode Degrees of Freedom

  • Published:
International Journal of Theoretical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Recently, Wang et al. presented a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54(10): 3443-3453, 2015). They claimed that their protocol was efficient and removed the drawback of information leakage. However, we found that the information leakage actually exists in their protocol. In this paper, we analyze Wang et al.’s protocol in detail. In addition, we propose an improvement to avoid the information leakage. The security of the improved protocol has also been discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: In: Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Computer, System and Signal Processings, Bangalore, India, p. 175. IEEE, New York (1984)

  2. Ekert, A.K.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 67(6), 661 (1991)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Bennett, C.H.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 68(21), 3121 (1992)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., Mermin, N.D.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 68(5), 557 (1992)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Cabello, A.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(26), 5635 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kulik, S.P., Molotkov, S.N., Radchenko, I.: JETP Lett. 96(5), 336 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Beige, A., Englert, B.G., Kurtsiefer, C., Weinfurter, H.: J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 35(28), L407 (2002)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Beige, A., Englert, B.G., Kurtsiefer, C., Weinfurter, H.: arXiv:quant-ph/0111106 (2001)

  9. Boström, K., Felbinger, T.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 89(18), 187902 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Deng, F.G., Long, G.L., Liu, X.S.: Phys. Rev. A 68(4), 042317 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Yi, X.j., Nie, Y.Y., Zhou, N.r., Huang, Y.b., Hong, Z.h.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 47(12), 3401 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Li, Y., Zeng, G., Yao, W., Lee, M.: Opt. Rev. 16(3), 229 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gu, B., Zhang, C., Cheng, G., Huang, Y.: Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 54(5), 942 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yang, C., Tsai, C., Hwang, T.: Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 54(3), 496 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Liu, D., Chen, J.L., Jiang, W.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 51(9), 2923 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Nguyen, B.A.: Phys. Lett. A 328(1), 6 (2004)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Xin, J., Shou, Z.: Chin. Phys. 15(7), 1418 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Yang, Y., Wen, Q.: Sci China, Ser. G 50(5), 558 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Shi, G.F., Xi, X.Q., Hu, M.L., Yue, R.H.: Opt. Commun. 283(9), 1984 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Gu, B., Huang, Y.G., Fang, X., Chen, Y.L.: Commun. Theor. Phys. 56(4), 659 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhou, N.R., Hua, T.X., Wu, G.T., He, C.S., Zhang, Y.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53(11), 3829 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gao, F., Qin, S.J., Guo, F.Z., Wen, Q.Y.: Phys. Rev. A 84(2), 022344 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gao, F., Guo, F.Z., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 208901 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhang, Y.S., Li, C.F., Guo, G.C.: Phys. Rev. A 63, 036301 (2001)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Gao, F., Qin, S.J., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Quantum Inf. Comput. 7, 329 (2007)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Gao, F., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Chin. Phys. B 17(9), 3189 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gao, F., Qin, S.J., Guo, F.Z., Wen, Q.Y.: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 47(5), 630 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hao, L., Li, J., Long, G.: Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 53(3), 491 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Qin, S.J., Gao, F., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Phys. Lett. A 357(2), 101 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wójcik, A.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(15), 157901 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wójcik, A.: Phys. Rev. A 71(1), 016301 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. Cai, Q.Y.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(10), 109801 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gao, F., Guo, F.Z., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Phys. Rev. A 77(1), 014302 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gao, F., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Phys. Lett. A 360(6), 748 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Gao, F., Lin, S., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Chin. Phys. Lett. 25(5), 1561 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. Gao, F., Qin, S.J., Wen, Q.Y., Zhu, F.C.: Opt. Commun. 283(1), 192 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Gisin, N., Fasel, S., Kraus, B., Zbinden, H., Ribordy, G.: Phys. Rev. A 73(2), 022320 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. Deng, F.G., Li, X.H., Zhou, H.Y., Zhang, Z.j.: Phys. Rev. A 72(4), 044302 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. Wei, C.Y., Wang, T.Y., Gao, F.: Phys. Rev. A 93(4), 042318 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. Gao, F., Guo, F., Wen, Q., Zhu, F.: Sci. China, Ser. G 51(5), 559 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Tan, Y.g., Cai, Q.y.: Int. J. Quantum Inf. 6(02), 325 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Wang, L., Ma, W., Shen, D., Wang, M.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54(10), 3443 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. Yin, X.R., Ma, W.P., Liu, W.Y., Shen, D.S.: Quantum Inf. Process 12 (9), 3093 (2013)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61502179, 61472452) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No. 2014A030310265).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Cai Zhang & Haozhen Situ

  2. IT Security Lab, College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Cai Zhang

Authors
  1. Cai Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Haozhen Situ
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cai Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, C., Situ, H. Information Leakage in Efficient Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in Both Polarization and Spatial-Mode Degrees of Freedom. Int J Theor Phys 55, 4702–4708 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3093-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3093-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation