Abstract
With the rising trends in elderly populations around the world, there is a growing interest in understanding how climate variability is related to the health of this population group. Therefore, we analyzed the associations between mortality in the elderly due to cardiovascular (CVD) and respiratory diseases (RD) and meteorological variables, for three cities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: Campos do Jordão, Ribeirão Preto, and Santos, all in different subtropical regions, from 1996 to 2017. The main objective was to verify how these distinct subtropical climates impact elderly mortality differently. We applied the autoregressive model integrated with moving average (ARIMA) and the principal component analysis (PCA), in order to evaluate statistical associations. Results showed CVD as a major cause of mortality, particularly in the cold period, when a high mortality rate is also observed due to RD. The mortality rate was higher in Campos do Jordão and lower in Santos. In Campos do Jordão, results indicate an increased probability of mortality from CVD and RD due to lower temperatures. In Ribeirão Preto, the lower relative humidity may be related to the increase in CVD and RD deaths. This study emphasizes that, even among subtropical climates, there are significant differences on how climate impacts human health, which can assist decision-makers in the implementation of mitigating and adaptive measures.
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Center of Meteorological and Climate Research Applied to Agriculture; climate of the cities of São Paulo (CPA 2018)
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Integrated Center for Agrometeorological Information (CIIAGRO) and Air Space Control Institute (ICEA) for providing the meteorological data.
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This research was funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brazil (CAPES).
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Conceptualization, Franciele Silva de Barros; formal analysis, Franciele Silva de Barros; funding acquisition, Franciele Silva de Barros; investigation, Franciele Silva de Barros; methodology, Franciele Silva de Barros; project administration, Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves; resources, Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves and João Paulo Assis Gobo; software, Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves; supervision, Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves and João Paulo Assis Gobo; visualization, João Paulo Assis Gobo and Júlio Barboza Chiquetto; writing - original draft, Franciele Silva de Barros and Júlio Barboza Chiquetto; and writing - review and editing, João Paulo Assis Gobo and Júlio Barboza Chiquetto.
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de Barros, F.S., Gonçalves, F.L.T., Gobo, J.P.A. et al. Analysis of the association between meteorological variables and mortality in the elderly applied to different climatic characteristics of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Theor Appl Climatol 144, 327–338 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03555-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03555-7