Skip to main content
Log in

Clustered Planarity with Pipes

  • Published:
Algorithmica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We study the version of the C-Planarity problem in which edges connecting the same pair of clusters must be grouped into pipes, which generalizes the Strip Planarity problem. We give algorithms to decide several families of instances for the two variants in which the order of the pipes around each cluster is given as part of the input or can be chosen by the algorithm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aigner, M., Ziegler, G.M.: Proofs from THE BOOK, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin (2004)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Akitaya, H.A., Fulek, R., Tóth, C.D.: Recognizing weak embeddings of graphs. In: Czumaj, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2018, New Orleans, LA, USA, 7–10 Jan 2018, pp. 274–292. SIAM (2018). https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611975031.20

  3. Angelini, P., Da Lozzo, G.: Clustered planarity with pipes. In: Hong, S.-H. (ed.) 27th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2016, 12–14 Dec 2016, Sydney, Australia. LIPIcs, vol. 64, pp. 13:1–13:13. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2016). https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2016.13

  4. Angelini, P., Da Lozzo, G., Di Battista, G., Frati, F.: Strip planarity testing for embedded planar graphs. Algorithmica 77(4), 1022–1059 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Angelini, P., Da Lozzo, G., Neuwirth, D.: Advancements on SEFE and partitioned book embedding problems. Theor. Comput. Sci. 575, 71–89 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Bertolazzi, P., Di Battista, G., Mannino, C., Tamassia, R.: Optimal upward planarity testing of single-source digraphs. SIAM J. Comput. 27(1), 132–169 (1998)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Bläsius, T., Kobourov, S.G., Rutter, I.: Simultaneous embedding of planar graphs. In: Tamassia, R. (ed.) Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bläsius, T., Rutter, I.: A new perspective on clustered planarity as a combinatorial embedding problem. Theor. Comput. Sci. 609, 306–315 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Bläsius, T., Rutter, I.: Simultaneous PQ-ordering with applications to constrained embedding problems. ACM Trans. Algorithms 12(2), 16 (2016)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Booth, K.S., Lueker, G.S.: Testing for the consecutive ones property, interval graphs, and graph planarity using pq-tree algorithms. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 13(3), 335–379 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0000(76)80045-1

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Chang, H.-C., Erickson, J., Xu, C.: Detecting weakly simple polygons. In: Indyk, P. (ed.) Twenty-Sixth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2015, pp. 1655–1670. SIAM (2015)

  12. Chimani, M., Klein, K.: Shrinking the search space for clustered planarity. In: Didimo, W., Patrignani, M. (eds.) Graph Drawing—20th International Symposium, GD 2012, Redmond, WA, USA, 19–21 Sept 2012. Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7704, pp. 90–101. Springer (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36763-2_9

  13. Cortese, P.F., Di Battista, G., Frati, F., Patrignani, M., Pizzonia, M.: C-planarity of c-connected clustered graphs. J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 12(2), 225–262 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Cortese, P.F., Di Battista, G., Patrignani, M., Pizzonia, M.: Clustering cycles into cycles of clusters. J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 9(3), 391–413 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Cortese, P.F., Di Battista, G., Patrignani, M., Pizzonia, M.: On embedding a cycle in a plane graph. Discrete Math. 309(7), 1856–1869 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Da Lozzo, G., Eppstein, D., Goodrich, M.T., Gupta, S.: Subexponential-time and FPT algorithms for embedded flat clustered planarity. In: Brandstädt, A., Köhler, E., Meer, K. (eds.) Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science—44th International Workshop, WG 2018, Cottbus, Germany, 27–29 June 2018, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 11159, pp. 111–124. Springer (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00256-5_10

  17. Feng, Q.-W., Cohen, R.F., Eades, P.: Planarity for clustered graphs. In: Spirakis, P.G. (ed.) Third Annual European Symposium on Algorithms—ESA ’95. LNCS, vol. 979, pp. 213–226. Springer (1995)

  18. Fulek, R.: Toward the Hanani–Tutte theorem for clustered graphs. arXiv:1410.3022 (2014)

  19. Fulek, R.: Towards the Hanani–Tutte theorem for clustered graphs. In: Kratsch, D., Todinca, I. (eds.) 40th International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science, WG 2014. LNCS, vol. 8747, pp. 176–188. Springer (2014)

  20. Fulek, R.: C-planarity of embedded cyclic c-graphs. Comput. Geom. 66, 1–13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comgeo.2017.06.016

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Fulek, R.: Embedding graphs into embedded graphs. In: Okamoto, Y., Tokuyama, T. (eds.) 28th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2017, 9–12 Dec 2017, Phuket, Thailand. LIPIcs, vol. 92, pp. 34:1–34:12. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2017). https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2017.34

  22. Fulek, R., Kyncl, J.: Hanani–Tutte for approximating maps of graphs. In: Speckmann, B., Tóth, C.D. (eds.) 34th International Symposium on Computational Geometry, SoCG 2018, 11–14 June 2018, Budapest, Hungary. LIPIcs, vol. 99, pp. 39:1–39:15. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2018). https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2018.39

  23. Hsu, W.-L., McConnell, R.M.: PC trees and circular-ones arrangements. Theor. Comput. Sci. 296(1), 99–116 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Hsu, W.-L., McConnell, R.M.: PQ trees, PC trees, and planar graphs. In: Mehta, D.P., Sahni, S. (eds.) Handbook of Data Structures and Applications. Chapman and Hall, London (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jelínek, V., Jelínková, E., Kratochvíl, J., Lidický, B.: Clustered planarity: embedded clustered graphs with two-component clusters. In: Tollis, I.G., Patrignani, M. (eds.) 16th International Symposium on Graph Drawing, GD 2008. LNCS, vol. 5417, pp. 121–132. Springer (2008)

  26. Jünger, M., Schulz, M.: Intersection graphs in simultaneous embedding with fixed edges. J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 13(2), 205–218 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Schaefer, M.: Toward a theory of planarity: Hanani–Tutte and planarity variants. J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 17(4), 367–440 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giordano Da Lozzo.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

A preliminary version of this research appeared at the 27th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC’16) [3]. Angelini was partially supported by DFG Grant Ka812/17-1. Da Lozzo was partially supported by MIUR Project “MODE” under PRIN 20157EFM5C and by H2020-MSCA-RISE Project 734922 “CONNECT”. This work was also supported in part by the MIUR-DAAD Joint Mobility Program: Nos. 34120 and 57397196.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Angelini, P., Da Lozzo, G. Clustered Planarity with Pipes. Algorithmica 81, 2484–2526 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-018-00541-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-018-00541-w

Keywords

Navigation