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The combined treatment with lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol is an efficient lifestyle intervention to manage cardiovascular and renal alterations in obese Zucker rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Functional and structural changes in cardiovascular and renal systems resulting from obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a severe risk to human health. Lifestyle interventions such as combining healthy diet with adequate physical exercise protocols are good strategies to manage these pathologies. In this research, the effects of lentil protein hydrolysate administration, combined or not with a mixed training protocol, on insulin resistance, cardiovascular and renal functionality were studied in the obese Zucker rat experimental model.

Methods

Thirty-two rats (16 lean and 16 obese subdivided in sedentary and trained animals) were administered lentil protein hydrolysate, whereas another 32 subdivided in the same experimental design were administered placebo. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, insulin resistance and different parameters of cardiovascular and renal functionality were measured.

Results

The individual or combined interventions with lentil protein hydrolysate and mixed training protocol were efficient at counteracting some of the metabolic, cardiovascular and renal alterations characterizing the obese Zucker rat. Specifically, lentil protein hydrolysate decreased hyperphagia, amplitude of QRS complex, plasma ACE and selectin E expression in aorta, while increasing urinary volume and pH. Exercise showed beneficial actions on HOMA-IR, QRS amplitude, QTc interval, urinary volume, kidney weight and Mn-SOD activity. Interestingly, most of the mentioned benefits of exercise were more consistent when protein hydrolysate was also administered.

Conclusion

The interesting synergies between the two interventions assessed qualify them as alternative therapeutic strategies to treat cardiovascular and kidney diseases associated to the metabolic syndrome.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the European Union through projects AGL2013-43247-R, DEP2014-58296-R, RTC-2017-6540-1, RTI2018-100934-B-I00 and FEDER program, respectively. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This work is part of the PhD Thesis of Janin Constantino, included in the Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Food Sciences (Universidad de Granada). The special contribution to the development of the experiments by the Experimental Animal Unit of CIC (Universidad de Granada) is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain

    Jesus M. Porres, Janin Constantino, Garyfallia Kapravelou, Carlos Lopez-Chaves, Pilar Aranda, María López-Jurado & Rosario Martínez

  2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Biohealth Research Institute, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Milagros Galisteo

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  1. Jesus M. Porres
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  2. Janin Constantino
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  3. Garyfallia Kapravelou
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  4. Carlos Lopez-Chaves
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  5. Milagros Galisteo
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  7. María López-Jurado
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  8. Rosario Martínez
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Contributions

JMP, PA, ML-J, and RM contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by JMP, JC, GK, CL-C, MG, and RM. The first draft of the manuscript was written by JMP, MG, RM, and ML-J and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to María López-Jurado.

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Porres, J.M., Constantino, J., Kapravelou, G. et al. The combined treatment with lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol is an efficient lifestyle intervention to manage cardiovascular and renal alterations in obese Zucker rats. Eur J Nutr 59, 3473–3490 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02181-9

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