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Ruthenium oxide–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites and their supercapacitor applications

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Abstract

In this review article, we have presented for the first time the new applications of supercapacitor technologies and working principles of the family of RuO2–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites. Our review focuses on pseudocapacitors and symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors. Over the last years, the supercapacitors as a new technology in energy storage systems have attracted more and more attention. They have some unique characteristics such as fast charge/discharge capability, high energy and power densities, and long stability. However, the need for economic, compatible, and easy synthesis materials for supercapacitors have led to the development of RuO2–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites with RuO2. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript was to review RuO2–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites with RuO2 over the last 17 years.

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Fig. 1

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [53]. Copyright@Elsevier

Fig. 2

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [80]. Copyright@Elsevier

Fig. 3

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [96]. Copyright@Elsevier

Fig. 4

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [103]. Copyright@Elsevier

Fig. 5

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [143]. Copyright@Elsevier

Fig. 6

Reprinted with permission from Ref. [154]. Copyright@Elsevier

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Abbreviations

AC:

Active carbon

ACNF:

Active carbon nanofibers

AQ:

Antraquinone

CeO2 :

Cerium oxide

CF:

Carbon fiber

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

Co3O4 :

Cobalt oxide

C sp :

Specific capacitance

CV:

Cyclic voltammogram

CVD:

Chemical vapor deposition

DAAQ:

1-4-Diaminoantraquinone

EDLC:

Electrochemical double-layer capacitance

EPD:

Electrophoretic deposition

EQCN:

Electrochemical quartz crystal nanobalance

GO:

Graphene oxide

GN:

Graphene

RuO2 :

Ruthenium oxide

h-RuO2 :

Hydrous ruthenium oxide

h-RuO2/MWCNT:

Hydrous ruthenium oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotube

HRGO:

Holey reduced graphene oxide

MnO2 :

Mangane(IV) oxide

NiO:

Nickel(II) oxide

PAN:

Polyacrylonitrile

PANI:

Polyaniline

PEDOT:

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEO:

Polyethylene oxide

PCL:

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)

PCM:

Phase change materials

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

PMA:

Poly(methylmethacrylate)

PPy:

Polypyrrole

PSS:

Poly(styrene-4-sulfonate)

PTh:

Polythiophene

R ct :

Charge transfer resistance

RuO2 :

Ruthenium oxide

RuOx·nH2O:

Hydrous ruthenium oxide

rGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

SWCNT:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

TM:

Thermal management

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

QGN:

Quasi-graphene

VACNT:

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

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  1. Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Namik Kemal University, Degirmenalti Campus, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey

    Murat Ates

  2. School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB107GJ, UK

    Carlos Fernandez

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Ates, M., Fernandez, C. Ruthenium oxide–carbon-based nanofiller-reinforced conducting polymer nanocomposites and their supercapacitor applications. Polym. Bull. 76, 2601–2619 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-018-2492-x

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