Skip to main content
Log in

\(\phi \)-Parabolicity and the Uniqueness of Spacelike Hypersurfaces Immersed in a Spatially Weighted GRW Spacetime

  • Published:
Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we extend a technique due to Romero et al. (Class Quantum Gravity 30:1–13, 2013; Int J Geom Methods Mod Phys 10:1360014, 2013; J Math Anal Appl 419:355–372, 2014) establishing sufficient conditions to guarantee the parabolicity of complete spacelike hypersurfaces immersed in a weighted generalized Robertson–Walker spacetime whose fiber has \(\phi \)-parabolic universal Riemannian covering. As some applications of this criteria, we obtain uniqueness results concerning spacelike hypersurfaces immersed in spatially weighted generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Furthermore, Calabi–Bernstein type results are also given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aiyama, R.: On the Gauss map of complete space-like hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature in Minkowski space. Tsukuba J. Math. 16, 353–361 (1992)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Albujer, A.L., Alías, L.J.: Spacelike hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature in the steady state space. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 137, 711–721 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Albujer, A.L., Camargo, F.E.C., de Lima, H.F.: Complete spacelike hypersurfaces in a Robertson–Walker spacetime. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 151, 271–282 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Albujer, A.L., de Lima, H.F., Oliveira, A.M., Velásquez, M.A.L.: Rigidity of spacelike hypersurfaces in spatially weighted generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Differ. Geom. Appl. 50, 140–154 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Alías, L.J., Colares, A.G.: Uniqueness of spacelike hypersurfaces with constant higher order mean curvature in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 143, 703–729 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Alías, L.J., Romero, A., Sánchez, M.: Uniqueness of complete spacelike hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 27, 71–84 (1995)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. An, H.V.Q., Cuong, D.V., Duyenb, N.T.M., Hieub, D.T., Nam, T.L.: On entire \(f\)-maximal graphs in the Lorentzian product \(\mathbb{G}^n\times \mathbb{R}_1\). J. Geom. Phys. 114, 587–592 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Bakry, D., Émery, M.: Diffusions hypercontractives. In: Séminaire de probabilités, XIX, 1983/1984. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1123, pp. 177–206. Springer, Berlin (1985)

  9. Case, J.S.: Singularity theorems and the Lorentzian splitting theorem for the Bakry–Émery–Ricci tensor. J. Geom. Phys. 60, 477–490 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Cavalcante, M.P., de Lima, H.F., Santos, M.S.: New Calabi–Bernstein type results in weighted generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Acta Math. Hung. 145, 440–454 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Colares, A.G., de Lima, H.F.: On the rigidity of spacelike hypersurfaces immersed in the steady state space \({\cal{H}}^{n+1}\). Publ. Math. Debr. 81, 103–119 (2012)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. de Lima, H.F., Parente, U.L.: On the geometry of maximal spacelike hypersurfaces in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 192, 649–663 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Grigor’yan, A.: Analytic and geometric background of recurrence and non-explosion of the Brownian motion on Riemannian manifolds. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 36, 135–249 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Grigor’yan, A.: Escape rate of Brownian motion on Riemannian manifolds. Appl. Anal. 71(1–4), 63–89 (1999)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Grigor’yan, A., Saloff-Coste, L.: Dirichlet heat-kernel in the exterior of a compact set. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 55, 93–133 (2002)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Gromov, M.: Isoperimetry of waists and concentration of maps. Geom. Funct. Anal. 13, 178–215 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Hatcher, A.: Algebraic Topology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2002)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Hieu, D.T., Nam, T.L.: Bernstein type theorem for entire weighted minimal graphs in \(\mathbb{G}^n\times \mathbb{R}\). J. Geom. Phys. 81, 87–91 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Impera, D., Rimoldi, M.: Stability properties and topology at infinity of \(f\)-minimal hypersurfaces. Geom. Dedicata 178, 21–47 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Kanai, M.: Rough isometries and combinatorial approximations of geometries of noncompact Riemannian manifolds. J. Math. Soc. Jpn. 37, 391–413 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Li, P.: Curvature and Function Theory on Riemannian Manifolds. Surveys in Differential Geometry, vol. VII. International Press, Cambridge, pp. 375–432 (2000)

  22. Marsden, J.E., Tipler, F.J.: Maximal hypersurfaces and foliations of constant mean curvature in general relativity. Phys. Rep. 66, 109–139 (1980)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Montiel, S.: Uniqueness of spacelike hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature in foliated spacetimes. Math. Ann. 314, 529–553 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Omori, H.: Isometric immersions of Riemannian manifolds. J. Math. Soc. Jpn. 19, 205–214 (1967)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. O’Neill, B.: Semi-Riemannian Geometry with Applications to Relativity. Academic Press, New York (1983)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Romero, A., Rubio, R.M., Salamanca, J.J.: Uniqueness of complete maximal hypersurfaces in spatially parabolic generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Class. Quantum Gravity 30, 1–13 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Romero, A., Rubio, R.M., Salamanca, J.J.: Parabolicity of spacelike hypersurfaces in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Applications to uniqueness results. Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. 10, 1360014 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Romero, A., Rubio, R.M., Salamanca, J.J.: A new approach for uniqueness of complete maximal hypersurfaces in spatially parabolic GRW spacetimes. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 419, 355–372 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Rimoldi, M.: Rigidity results for Lichnerowicz Bakry–Émery Ricci tensors. Ph.D. thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano (2011)

  30. Stumbles, S.M.: Hypersurfaces of constant mean extrinsic curvature. Ann. Phys. 133, 28–56 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Udrişte, C.: Convex Functions and Optimization Methods on Riemannian Manifolds. Springer, Dordrecht (1994)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Wei, G., Wylie, W.: Comparison geometry for the Bakry–Émery–Ricci tensor. J. Differ. Geom. 83, 377–405 (2009)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Xin, Y.L.: On the Gauss image of a spacelike hypersurface with constant mean curvature in Minkowski space. Comment. Math. Helv. 66, 590–598 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Yau, S.T.: Harmonic functions on complete Riemannian manifolds. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 28, 201–228 (1975)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Henrique F. de Lima.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Albujer, A.L., de Lima, H.F., Oliveira, A.M. et al. \(\phi \)-Parabolicity and the Uniqueness of Spacelike Hypersurfaces Immersed in a Spatially Weighted GRW Spacetime. Mediterr. J. Math. 15, 84 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-018-1134-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-018-1134-8

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation