Abstract
The ‘English School’ of political economy describes the tradition of economic thought that began with Malthus, and included Henry Thornton, Chalmers, James Mill, Torrens, West, Ricardo, and Thomas Tooke in the first generation; Whately, Senior, McCulloch and J.S. Mill in the second; and the Fawcetts, Cairnes, Jevons, Bagehot, Foxwell, Sidgwick, J.N. Keynes and Nicholson in the third. J.-B. Say was an honorary member. Karl Marx identified his own work with that school. Its most important production was J.S. Mill’s Principles of Political Economy, which continued to be used as a textbook until the mid-20th century.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsBibliography
Anderson, J. 1777. Observations on the means off exciting a spirit of national industry; chiefly intended to promote the agriculture, commerce, manufactures, and fisheries, of Scotland. Dublin: Price.
Anon. 1837. 1. An outline of the science of political economy. By Nassau W. Senior. London: 1836. 2. Principes Fondamentaux de l’Économie Politiques, tirés de leçons édites et inédites, de M. N. W. Senior. Par le Compte Jean Arrivabe. Paris: 1836. Edinburgh Review (October), 73–102.
Backhouse, R.E. 2006. Sidgwick, marshall and the Cambridge school of economics. History of Political Economy 38: 15–44.
Bacon, R., and W. Eltis. 1976. Britain’s economic problem: Too few producers. London: Macmillan.
Bagehot, W. 1848. Review of J.S. Mill’s principles of political economy. Prospective Review 4: 460–502.
Bagehot, W. 1880. Economic studies, ed. R.H. Hutton. London: Longmans, Green.
Blaug, M. 1987. Classical economics. In The New Palgrave: A dictionary of economics, vol. 1, ed. J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman. London: Macmillan.
Blaug, M. 1996. Economic theory in retrospect, 5th ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cairnes, J.E. 1874. Some leading principles of political economy newly expounded. London: Macmillan.
Chalmers, T. 1808. An enquiry into the nature and stability of national resources. Edinburgh: Moir.
Chamberlin, E.H. 1933. The theory of monopolistic competition: A reorientation of the theory of value. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Checkland, S.G. 1951. The advent of academic economics in England. The Manchester School 19: 43–70.
Cliffe Leslie, T.E. 1879. Essays in political and moral philosophy. London: Longmans, Green.
Copleston, E. 1819a. A letter to the Right Hon. Robert Peel, MP for the University of Oxford, on the pernicious effect of a variable standard of value, especially as it regards the condition of the lower orders and the poor laws …. Oxford: Murray.
Copleston, E. 1819b. A second letter to the Right Hon. Robert Peel, MP for the University of Oxford, on the causes of the increase in pauperism, and on the poor laws …. Oxford: Murray.
Corsi, P. 1987. The heritage of Dugald Stewart: Oxford philosophy and the method of political economy. Nuncius 2: 89–143.
Eltis, W. 2000. The classical theory of economic growth, 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Eltis, S., and W. Eltis. 1997. The life and contribution to economics of the Abbé de Condillac. In E.B. Abbé de Condillac, Commerce and Government. Trans. S. Eltis. Cheltenham: Elgar.
Faccarello, G. 1999. The foundations of Laissez-Faire: The economics of Pierre de Boisguilbert. London: Routledge.
Fawcett, H. 1863. Manual of political economy. London: Macmillan.
Fawcett, M.G. 1870. Political economy for beginners. London: Macmillan.
Fetter, F. 1980. The economist in parliament, 1780–1868. Durham: Duke University Press.
Feyerabend, P. 1988. Against method. London: Verso.
Flux, A.W. 1894. Review of wicksteed. Repr. In Precursors in mathematical economics, ed. W. Baumol and S.M. Goldfield. London: London School of Economics, 1968.
Fontana, B. 1985. Rethinking the politics of a commercial society: The edinburgh review 1802–1832. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Godwin, W. 1793. Enquiry concerning political justice and its influence on morals and happiness. London: Robinson.
Goodwin, C.G.W. 1972. Marginalism moves to the New World. History of Political Economy 4: 551–570.
Harrod, R.F. 1939. An essay in dynamic theory. Economic Journal 49: 14–33.
Harrod, R.F. 1952. The life of John Maynard Keynes. London: Macmillan.
Hicks, J.R. 1939. Value and capital. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hollander, J.H. 1932. Minor papers on the currency question, 1809–1823 by David Ricardo. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
Hollander, S. 1987. Classical economics. Oxford: Blackwell.
Hollander, S. 1997. The economics of Thomas Robert Malthus. 2 vols. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Hollander, S. 1998. The canonical classical growth model: Content, adherence and priority. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 20: 253–277.
Jevons, W.S. 1871. Theory of political economy. London: Macmillan.
Jevons, W.S. 1882. The state in relation to labour. London: Macmillan.
Kates, S. 1994. The malthusian origins of the general theory or how Keynes came to write a book about Say’s Law and effective demand. bHistory of Economics Review 21: 10–20.
Keynes, J.N. 1891. The scope and method of political economy. London: Macmillan.
Keynes, J.M. 1972. Essays in biography. In The collected writings of John Maynard Keynes, vol. 10, ed. E. Johnson and D. Moggridge. London: Macmillan.
Kojecky, R. 1971. Eliot’s social criticism. London: Faber.
Lauderdale, J., and E. Maitland. 1804. An inquiry into the nature and origin of public wealth: And into the means and causes of its increase. Edinburgh: Constable.
Malthus, T.R. 1798. An essay on the principle of population as it affects the future improvement of society, with remarks upon the speculations of Mr Godwin, M. Condorcet, and other writers. London: Johnson.
Malthus, T.R. 1800. An investigation of the cause of the present high price of provisions. By the author of the essay on the principle of population. London: Johnson.
Malthus, T.R. 1803. An essay on the principle of population, or, A view of its past and present effects on human happiness, with an inquiry into our prospects respecting the future removal or mitigation of the Evils which it occasions. London: Johnson.
Malthus, T.R. 1815a. An inquiry into the nature and progress of rent, and the principles by which is regulated. London: Murray.
Malthus, T.R. 1815b. The grounds of an opinion on the policy of restricting the importation of Foreign Corn …. London: Murray.
Malthus, T.R. 1817. An essay on the principle of population … 4th edn of Malthus (1803), described as 5th. London: Hunter.
Malthus, T.R. 1820. Principles of political economy, considered with a view to their practical application. London: Pickering.
Marshall, A. 1890. Principles of economics. London: Macmillan.
Marshall, A. 1920. Principles of economics, 8th ed. London: Macmillan. 1952.
Marx, K. 1873. Capital: A critique of political economy, ed. F. Engels, Trans. S. Moore and E. Aveling. 3 vols. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1954.
McCulloch, J.R. 1843. Principles of political economy. Edinburgh: Tait.
McCulloch, J.R. 1845. Literature of political economy: A classified catalogue. London: Longmans.
Mill, J. 1821. Elements of political economy. London: Baldwin et al.
Mill, J.S. 1869. Thornton on labour and its claims. In Collected works of John Stuart Mill, vol. 5, ed. J.M. Robson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1967.
Mill, J.S. 1871. Principles of political economy, 7th edn. ed. W.J. Ashley. London: Longmans, Green, 1909.
Mrs Marcet (Jane Haldimand). 1817. Conversations on political economy: In which the elements of that science are familiarly explained. London: Longman et al.
Nicholson, J.S. 1893–1901. Principles of political economy. 3 vols. London: Macmillan.
O’Brien, D.P. 1994. Methodology, money and the firm. 2 vols. Aldershot: Elgar.
O’Brien, D.P. 2004. The Classical economists revisited. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Paley, W. 1802. Natural theology. London: Wilkes and Taylor.
Palgrave, R.H. 1894–1899. Dictionary of political economy. 1899. Vol. 1, 1894; Vol. 2, 1896; Vol. 3. London: Macmillan.
Peart, S.J., and D.M. Levy. 2003. 1830–1870: Post-Ricardian British economics. In A companion to the history of economic thought, ed. W.J. Samuels, J.E. Biddle, and J.B. Davis. Oxford: Blackwell.
Political Economy Club. 1921. Minutes of proceedings, 1899–1920, roll of members and questions discussed, 1821–1920, with documents bearing on the history of the club. London: Macmillan.
Pryme, G. 1823. Introductory lecture and syllabus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ricardo, D. 1815. An essay on the influence of a low price of corn on the profits of stock. London: Murray.
Ricardo, D. 1817. On the principles of political economy and Taxation. London: Murray.
Ricardo, D. 1951–73. The works and correspondence of David Ricardo. 11 vols, ed. P. Sraffa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Robinson, J.V. 1933. The economics of imperfect competition. London: Macmillan.
Samuelson, P.A. 1947. Foundations of economic analysis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Samuelson, P.A. 1948. Economics: An introductory analysis. New York: McGraw Hill.
Samuelson, P.A. 1978. The canonical classical model of political economy. Journal of Economic Literature 16: 1415–1434.
Say, J.-B. 1803. Traitè d’economie politique: ou, Simple exposition de la manière dont se forment, se distribuent et se consomment les richesses. Paris: Dèterville.
Schumpeter, J.A. 1954. History of economic analysis. London: Allen & Unwin.
Senior, N.W. 1836. An outline of the science of political economy. London: W. Clowes.
Sidgwick, H. 1883. The principles of political economy. London: Macmillan.
Smith, A. 1776. An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. 2 vols., ed. R.H. Campbell, A.S. Skinner and W.B. Todd. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Smith, V.E. 1956. Malthus’s theory of demand and its influence on value theory. Scottish Journal of Political Economy 3: 205–220.
Sraffa, P. 1926. The laws of return under competitive conditions. Economic Journal 35: 535–550.
Steuart, J. 1767. An inquiry into the principles of political Œconomy: Being an essay on the science of domestic policy in free nations. In which are particularly considered population, agriculture, trade, industry, money, coin, interest, circulation, banks, exchange, public credit, and taxes. 2 vols. London: Millar and Cadell.
Stewart, D. 1792, 1814/1827. Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind, 3 vols. Reprinted in The collected works of Dugald Stewart, 11 vols. ed. W. Hamilton. Edinburgh: Constable, 1854–60.
Stigler, G. 1952. The Ricardian theory of value and distribution. Journal of Political Economy 60: 187–207.
Stigler, G. 1958. Ricardo and the 93 % labor theory of value. American Economic Review 48: 357–367.
Sumner, J.B. 1816. A treatise on the records of the creation: With particular reference to Jewish History, and the consistency of the principle of population with the wisdom and goodness of the deity. 2 vols. London: Hatchard.
Thornton, H. 1802. An enquiry into the nature and effects of the paper credit of Great Britain. London: Hatchard.
Thornton, R.W.T. 1869. On labour: Its wrongful claims and rightful dues, its actual present and possible future. London: Macmillan.
Torrens, R. 1815. An essay on the external corn trade. London: Longman et al.
Torrens, R. 1821. An essay on the production of wealth: With an appendix, in which the principles of political economy are applied to the actual circumstances of this country. London: Longman et al.
Turgot, A.R.J. 1768. Observations sur le mémoire de M. de Saint-Péravy en faveur de l’impôt indirect. In Écrits Économiques, ed. B. Cazes. Paris: Calman-Lévey, 1970.
von Thünen, J.H. 1826. Der isolirte Staat in Beziehung auf Landwirthschaft und Nationalökonomie, part 1. Hamburg: Pethes.
Walras, L. 1894. Élèments d’èconomie politique pure: ou, Thèorie de la richesse sociale. Lausanne: Rouge.
Walsh, V., and H. Gram. 1980. Classical and neoclassical theories of general equilibrium. New York: Oxford University Press.
Waterman, A.M.C. 1991a. Revolution, economics and religion: Christian political economy, 1798–1833. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Waterman, A.M.C. 1991b. The ‘canonical classical model’ in 1808 as viewed from 1825: Thomas Chalmers on the national resources. History of Political Economy 23: 221–241.
Waterman, A.M.C. 1995. Why William Paley was ‘The first of the Cambridge Economists’. Cambridge Journal of Economics 20: 673–686.
Waterman, A.M.C. 1998. Reappraisal of ‘Malthus the economist’, 1933–97. History of Political Economy 30: 293–334.
Waterman, A.M.C. 1999. Hollander on the ‘canonical classical growth model’: A comment. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 21: 311–313.
Waterman, A.M.C. 2004. Political economy and christian theology since the enlightenment. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wayland, Francis. 1837. The elements of political economy. Boston: Gould and Lincoln.
West, E. 1815. Essay on the application of capital to land; with observations shewing the impolicy of any great restriction on the importation of corn … by a fellow of University College, Oxford. London: Underwood.
Whately, R. 1831. Introductory lectures in political economy. London: Fellowes.
Wicksteed, P.H. 1894. Essay on the coordination of the laws of distribution. London: Macmillan.
Winch, D.N. 1983. Science and the legislator: Adam Smith and after. Economic Journal 93: 501–520.
Winch, D.N. 1996. Riches and poverty. An intellectual history of political economy in Britain, 1750–1834. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Young, A.A. 1928. Increasing returns and economic progress. Economic Journal 38: 527–542.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2018 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Waterman, A.M.C. (2018). English School of Political Economy. In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2132
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2132
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-95188-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-95189-5
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences