Skip to main content

Dynamic Models with Non-clearing Markets

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
  • 14 Accesses

Abstract

This article studies a new class of models which synthesize the two traditions of general equilibrium with non-clearing markets and imperfect competition on the one hand, and dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models on the other hand. This line of models has become a central paradigm of modern macroeconomics for at least three reasons: (a) it displays solid microeconomic foundations, (b) it is a highly synthetic theory, which combines in a unified framework general equilibrium, non-clearing markets, imperfect competition, growth theory and rational expectations, and (c) it is also an empirical success, leading to substantial progress towards matching real world statistics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 6,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 8,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Andersen, T. 1994. Price rigidity: Causes and macroeconomic implications. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, T. 1998. Persistency in sticky price models. European Economic Review 42: 593–603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arrow, K. 1963. The role of securities in the optimal allocation of risk–bearing. Review of Economic Studies 31: 91–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arrow, K., and G. Debreu. 1954. Existence of an equilibrium for a competitive economy. Econometrica 22: 265–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ascari, G. 2000. Optimising agents, staggered wages and persistence in the real effects of money shocks. Economic Journal 110: 664–686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ascari, G., and N. Rankin. 2002. Staggered wages and output dynamics under disinflation. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 26: 653–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azariadis, C. 1975. Implicit contracts and underemployment equilibria. Journal of Political Economy 83: 1183–1202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baily, M. 1974. Wages and employment under uncertain demand. Review of Economic Studies 41: 37–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R. 1972. A theory of monopolistic price adjustment. Review of Economic Studies 39: 17–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R., and H. Grossman. 1971. A general disequilibrium model of income and employment. American Economic Review 61: 82–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R., and H. Grossman. 1976. Money, employment and inflation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1975. Neo-Keynesian disequilibrium theory in a monetary economy. Review of Economic Studies 42: 503–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1976. The disequilibrium approach to monopolistic price setting and general monopolistic equilibrium. Review of Economic Studies 43: 69–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1977. A neoKeynesian model of price and quantity determination in disequilibrium. In Equilibrium and disequilibrium in economic theory, ed. G. Schwödiauer. Boston: Reidel Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1982. The economics of market disequilibrium. New York: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1988. The objective demand curve in general equilibrium with price makers. Economic Journal 98(Suppl): 37–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1990. Non-Walrasian equilibria, money and macroeconomics. In Handbook of monetary economics, ed. B. Friedman and F. Hahn. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 1995. Money and wage contracts in an optimizing model of the business cycle. Journal of Monetary Economics 35: 303–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 2002. The macroeconomics of imperfect competition and nonclearing markets: A dynamic general equilibrium approach. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 2003a. Staggered contracts and persistence: microeconomic foundations and macroeconomic dynamics. Recherches Economiques de Louvain 69: 125–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bénassy, J.-P. 2003b. Output and inflation persistence under price and wage staggering: Analytical results. Annales d’Economie et de Statistique, n 69: 1–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brock, W. 1975. A simple perfect foresight monetary model. Journal of Monetary Economics 1: 133–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calvo, G. 1983. Staggered prices in a utility-maximizing framework. Journal of Monetary Economics 12: 383–398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chari, V., P. Kehoe, and El McGrattan. 2000. Sticky price models of the business cycle: Can the contract multiplier solve the persistence problem? Econometrica 68: 1151–1179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho, J.-O. 1993. Money and the business cycle with one-period nominal contracts. Canadian Journal of Economics 26: 638–659.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho, J.-O., and T. Cooley. 1995. Business cycles with nominal contracts. Economic Theory 6: 13–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho, J.-O., T. Cooley, and L. Phaneuf. 1997. The welfare cost of nominal wage contracting. Review of Economic Studies 64: 465–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christiano, L., M. Eichenbaum, and C. Evans. 1999. Monetary policy shocks: what have we learned and to what end? In Handbook of macroeconomics, ed. J. Taylor and M. Woodford, Vol. 1A. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiano, L., M. Eichenbaum, and C. Evans. 2005. Nominal rigidities and the dynamic effects of a shock to monetary policy. Journal of Political Economy 113: 1–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clower, R. 1965. The Keynesian counterrevolution: A theoretical appraisal. In The theory of interest rates, ed. F. Hahn and F. Brechling. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cogley, T., and J. Nason. 1993. Impulse dynamics and propagation mechanisms in a real business cycle model. Economics Letters 43: 77–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cogley, T., and J. Nason. 1995. Output dynamics in real-business-cycle models. American Economic Review 85: 492–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collard, F., and G. Ertz. 2000. Stochastic nominal wage contracts in a cash-in-advance model. Recherches Economiques de Louvain 66: 281–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danthine, J.-P., and J. Donaldson. 1990. Efficiency wages and the business cycle puzzle. European Economic Review 34: 1275–1301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danthine, J.-P., and J. Donaldson. 1991. Risk sharing, the minimum wage and the business cycle. In Equilibrium theory and applications: A conference in honor of Jacques Drèze, ed. W. Barnett et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danthine, J.-P., and J. Donaldson. 1992. Risk sharing in the business cycle. European Economic Review 36: 468–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debreu, G. 1959. Theory of value. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixit, A., and J. Stiglitz. 1977. Monopolistic competition and optimum product diversity. American Economic Review 67: 297–308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drèze, J. 1975. Existence of an exchange equilibrium under price rigidities. International Economic Review 16: 301–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, S. 1977. Long-term contracts, rational expectations, and the optimal money supply rule. Journal of Political Economy 85: 191–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabszewicz, J., and J.-P. Vial. 1972. Oligopoly ‘A la Cournot’ in a general equilibrium analysis. Journal of Economic Theory 42: 381–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, D. 1974. A neo-classical theory of Keynesian unemployment. Economic Inquiry 12: 431–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, J.-A. 1976. Wage indexation: A macroeconomic approach. Journal of Monetary Economics 2: 221–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hairault, J.-O., and F. Portier. 1993. Money, new-Keynesian macroeconomics and the business cycle. European Economic Review 37: 1533–1568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hicks, J. 1937. Mr. Keynes and the ‘classics’: A suggested interpretation. Econometrica 5: 147–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, K., and Z. Liu. 2002. Staggered price-setting, staggered wage-setting, and business cycle persistence. Journal of Monetary Economics 49: 405–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeanne, O. 1998. Generating real persistent effects of monetary shocks: How much nominal rigidity do we really need? European Economic Review 42: 1009–1032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keynes, J.M. 1936. The general theory of employment, interest and money. New York: Harcourt Brace.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kydland, F., and E. Prescott. 1982. Time to build and aggregate fluctuations. Econometrica 50: 1345–1370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leijonhufvud, A. 1968. On Keynesian economics and the economics of Keynes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, J., and C. Plosser. 1983. Real business cycles. Journal of Political Economy 91: 39–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. Jr. 1972. Expectations and the neutrality of money. Journal of Economic Theory 4: 103–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muth, J. 1961. Rational expectations and the theory of price movements. Econometrica 29: 315–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Negishi, T. 1961. Monopolistic competition and general equilibrium. Review of Economic Studies 28: 196–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patinkin, D. 1956. Money, interest and prices. 2nd ed, 1965. New York: Harper and Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phelps, E., and J. Taylor. 1977. Stabilizing powers of monetary policy under rational expectations. Journal of Political Economy 85: 163–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotemberg, J. 1982a. Monopolistic price adjustment and aggregate output. Review of Economic Studies 44: 517–531.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotemberg, J. 1982b. Sticky prices in the United States. Journal of Political Economy 90: 1187–1211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotemberg, J., and M. Woodford. 1992. Oligopolistic pricing and the effects of aggregate demand on economic activity. Journal of Political Economy 100: 1153–1207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotemberg, J., and M. Woodford. 1995. Dynamic general equilibrium models with imperfectly competitive product markets. In Frontiers of business cycle research, ed. T. Cooley. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidrauski, M. 1967. Rational choice and patterns of growth in a monetary economy. American Economic Review 57(Suppl): 534–544.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smets, F., and R. Wouters. 2003. An estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of the euro area. Journal of the European Economic Association 1: 1123–1175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, L. 1986. Sticky goods prices, flexible asset prices, monopolistic competition and monetary policy. Review of Economic Studies 53: 385–405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. 1979. Staggered wage setting in a macro model. American Economic Review 69: 108–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. 1980. Aggregate dynamics and staggered contracts. Journal of Political Economy 88: 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. 1999. Staggered price and wage setting in macroeconomics. In Handbook of macroeconomics, ed. J. Taylor and M. Woodford, Vol. 1. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walras, L. 1874. Eléments déconomie politique pure. Lausanne: Corbaz. Definitive edition Trans. W. Jaffe as Elements of Pure Economics. London: Allen and Unwin, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yun, T. 1996. Nominal price rigidity, money supply endogeneity, and business cycles. Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 345–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Copyright information

© 2018 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Bénassy, JP. (2018). Dynamic Models with Non-clearing Markets. In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2100

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics