Skip to main content

Children’s Place Encounters: Place-Based Participatory Research to Design a Child-Friendly and Sustainable Urban Development

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Book cover Geographies of Global Issues: Change and Threat

Part of the book series: Geographies of Children and Young People ((GCYP,volume 8))

Abstract

Studies over the years on human-environment relationships have revealed a strong assertion that humans learn through engagement with their local places. But due to the increasing degradation of urban environments, there has been a progressive dehumanization of urban space, a dehumanization that has impacted particularly on children and young people who have seen their place-based encounters significantly limited. This chapter reports on the Dapto Dreaming project, a place-based participatory research project in Australia, funded by Stockland urban developers. The project supported young people to take on the role of environmental change agents in order to support a sustainability project in their local area. Using participatory research methods, children and young people from the Horsley community, a small neighborhood in a suburb south of Sydney, documented themselves walking and knowing the land, learning the history and geography of their place, and engaging with the materiality of the environment through their bodies. They used cameras, drawings, and mental maps and shared stories of their encounters with the human and nonhuman world. Drawing loosely on theories of place, the study focused on children’s environmental encounters, place accessibility, and the affordances within places. Rather than impose an adult-centered theoretical deconstruction of the data, children collated, shared, and analyzed their own data. Through this process, children recognized how place could be responsive and specific to their encounters, and when planning a friendly and sustainable neighborhood, they sought to ensure it would be afforded those same qualities. More broadly, this case study reveals that children who are provided real-life place-based projects can adopt significant roles as environmental change agents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Chandler, D. (2013). The world of attachment? The post-humanist challenge to freedom and necessity. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 41(3), 516–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chawla, L. (Ed.). (2002). Growing up in an urbanising world. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chawla, L. (2007). Childhood experiences associated with care for the natural world: A theoretical framework for empirical results. Children Youth and Environments, 17(4), 145–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chawla, L. (2009). Growing up green: Becoming an agent of care for the natural world. The Journal of Developmental Processes, 4(1), 6–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Connell, S., Fien, J., Lee, J., Sykes, H. & Yencken, D. (1999). ‘If it doesn’t directly affect you, you don’t think about it’: a qualitative study of young people’s environmental attitudes in two Australian cities. Environmental Education Research, 5(1), 95–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danby, S., & Farrell, A. (2004). Accounting for young children’s competence in educational research: New perspectives on research ethics. Australian Educational Researcher, 31, 35–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Driskell, D. (2002). Creating better cities with children and youth. London: Earthscan/UNESCO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francis, M., & Lorenzo, R. (2006). Children and city design: Proactive process and the ‘renewal’ of childhood. In C. Spencer & M. Blades (Eds.), Children and their environments: Learning, using and designing spaces. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman, C., & Tranter, P. (2012). Children and their urban environments. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fried, M. (2000). Continuities and discontinuities of place. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20, 193–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gill, T. (2007). No fear: Growing up in a risk averse society. London: Calouste-Gulbenkian Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gleeson, B., & Snipe, N. (Eds.). (2006). Creating child friendly cities: Reinstating kids in the city. Oxon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gruenewald, D., & Smith, G. (2008). Creating a movement to ground learning in place. In D. Gruenewald & G. Smith (Eds.), Place-based education in the global age. New York: Taylor and Francis Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gruenwald, D. (2003). Foundations of place: A multidisciplinary framework for place-conscious education. American Educational Research Journal, 40(3), 619–654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hacking Barratt, E., Scott, W., & Barratt, R. (2007). Children’s research into their local environment: Stevenson’s gap, and possibilities for the curriculum. Environmental Education Research, 13(2), 225–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, R. (1997). Children’s participation: The theory and practice of involving young citizens in community development and environmental care. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heft, H. (1988). Affordances of children’s environments: A functional approach to environmental description. Children Environmental Quarterly, 5, 29–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillman, M., Adams, J., & Whitelegg, J. (1990). One false move…A study of children’s independent mobility. London: PSI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jack, G. (2010). Place matters: The significance of place attachment for children’s well-being. British Journal of Social Work, 40, 755–771.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, B. B., Kofoed, J., Uhrenholt, G., & Vognsen, C. (1995). Environmental education in Denmark – The Jaegerspris project (Publication No. 31). Copenhagen: The Royal Danish School of Educational Studies, Research Centre for Environmental and Health Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, B. B., & Schnack, K. (1997). The action competence approach in environmental education. Environmental Education Research, 3(2), 163–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kytta, M. (2004). The extent of children’s independent mobility and the number of actualized affordances as criteria for child-friendly environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(2), 179–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kytta, M. (2006). Environmental child-friendliness in light of the Bullerby model. In C. Spencer & M. Blades (Eds.), Children and their environments: Learning, using and designing spaces. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, A., & Gray, T. (2014). Place-based outdoor learning and environmental sustainability within Australian Primary Schools. Journal of Sustainability Education, October 1st, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Louv, R. (2006). Last child in the woods: Saving our children from nature-deficit disorder. Chapel Hill: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, K. (1977). Growing up in cities. UNESCO, MIT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2001). Children, youth and sustainable cities (special edition editorial). Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 6(1), 5–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2006). Research by children: Are we there yet? Keynote address and published paper Researching Children, Open Conference, University of East Anglia, Norwich, 25–28 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2007). The Bubble-wrap generation: Children growing up in walled gardens. Environmental Education Researcher, 13(4), 513–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2008a). Every experience matters: An evidence based research report on the role of learning outside the classroom for children’s whole development from birth to eighteen years, Report commissioned by Farming and Countryside Education for UK Department Children, School and Families, University of Wollongong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2008b). How child-friendly is my community? A study of the child friendliness of the City of Brimbank. Research report for the Smith Family and the City of Brimbank, University of Wollongong, Wollongong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. A. (2010). Freeing children to contribute: Building child-friendly cities in the Asia Pacific region. Childhood Matters, 115, 20–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2012). “The future lies in our hands”: Children as researchers and environmental change agents in designing a child-friendly neighbourhood. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 18(3), 372–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. A. (2013). “The future lies in our hands”: Children as researchers and environmental change agents in designing a child-friendly neighbourhood. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 18(3), 372–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. (2015). Children’s rights and the crisis of rapid urbanization: Exploring the United Nations Post 2015 Sustainable Development Agenda and the potential role for UNICEF’s Child Friendly Cities Initiative. The International Journal of Children’s Rights, 23, 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K. A., & Rudner, J. (2011). Global perspectives on children’s independent mobility: A socio-cultural comparisons and theoretical discussion on children’s lives in four countries in Asia and Africa. Global Studies of Childhood, 1(3), 243–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malone, K., & Tranter, P. (2003). School grounds as sites for learning: Making the most of environmental opportunities. Environmental Education Researcher, 9(4), 283–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mackett, R., Brown, B., Gong, Y., Kitazawa, K., & Paskins, J. (2007). The influence of independent mobility on children’s walking patterns and behaviour. Paper presented at the Walk 21 8th international conference on walking and liveable communities: Putting pedestrians first.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marr, P., & Malone, K (2007). What about me? Children as co-researchers, Australian Association for Research in Education Conference Fremantle, Perth, Dec 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D. (2005). For space. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, H. (2001). Making sense of place. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, R. (1986). Childhood domain. London: Croom Helm Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orr, D. (1992). Ecological literacy. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, A. (2006). Changing minds, The lasting impact of school trips: A study of the long-term impact of sustained relationships between schools and the National Trust via the Guardianship scheme, Report from The Innovation Centre, University of Exeter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Planning Institute of Australia. (2007). Child friendly communities: National position statement. Canberra: PIA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raittila, R. (2012). With children in their lived place: Children’s action as research data. International Journal of Early Years Education, 20(3), 270–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rautio, P. (2013a). Children who carry stones in their pockets: On autotelic material practices in everyday life. Children’s Geographies, 11(4), 394–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rautio, P. (2013b). Mingling and imitating in producing spaces for knowing and being: Insights from a Finnish study of child-matter intra-action. Childhood. doi:10.1177/0907568213496653.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rennie, L. J., & McClafferty, T. P. (1996). Science centres and science learning. Studies In Science Education, 27, 53–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rissotto, A., & Giuliani, V. (2006). Learning neighbourhood environments: The loss of experience in a modern world. In C. Spencer & M. Blades (Eds.), Children and their environments: Learning, using and designing spaces. Cambridge: CUP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scannell, L., & Gifforde, R. (2014). Comparing theories of interpersonal and place attachment. In L. Manzo & P. Devine- Wright (Eds.), Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods and applications. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schusler, T. M., Krasny, M. E., Peters, S. P., & Decker, D. J. (2009). Developing citizens and communities through youth environmental action. Environmental Education Research, 15(1), 111–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sipe, N., Buchanan, N., & Dodson, J. (2006). Children in the urban environment: A review of research. In B. Gleeson & N. Sipe (Eds.), Creating child friendly cities. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G. (2002). Place-based education: Learning to be where we are. Phi Delta Kappan, 83, 584–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G. (2007). Place-based education: Breaking through the constraining regularities of public school. Environmental Education Research, 13(2), 189–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sobel, D. (1996). Beyond ecophobia: Reclaiming the heart in nature education. Great Barrington: The Orion Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Somerville, M., Davies, B., Power, K., Gannon, S., & deCarteret, P. (2011). Place pedagogy change. Sydney: Sense Publishing.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stanley, F., Prior M., & Richardson, S. (2005). Children of the lucky country? Sydney: Macmillan Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stockland. (2010), Brooks reach: Child friendly communities research and community engagement project brief. Stockland, Sydney.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, M. (2005). “It changed everything we thought we could do”: The STRAW project. In M. Stone & Z. Barlow (Eds.), Ecological literacy: Educating our children for a sustainable world. San Francisco: Sierra Club books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, M. (2009). Smart by nature: Schooling for sustainability. Centre for Ecoliteracy, Watershed Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuck, E., & McKenzie, M. (2014). Place in research: Theory, methodology, and methods. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNICEF. (2001). Partnerships to create child-friendly cities: Programming for child rights with local authorities. New York: UNICEF/IULA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uzzell, D. (1999). Education for environmental action in the community: New roles and relation-ships. Cambridge Journal of Education, 29(1), 397–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Vliet, W. (1985). The role of housing type, household density, and neighborhood density in peer interaction and social adjustment. In J. F. Wohlwill & W. van Vliet (Eds.), Habitats for children: The impacts of density (pp. 165–200). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vichealth. (2010). Nothing but fear itself. Melbourne: Vichealth, Victorian Government.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waite, S. (2011). Children learning outside of the classroom: From birth to eleven. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karen Malone .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this entry

Cite this entry

Malone, K. (2016). Children’s Place Encounters: Place-Based Participatory Research to Design a Child-Friendly and Sustainable Urban Development. In: Ansell, N., Klocker, N., Skelton, T. (eds) Geographies of Global Issues: Change and Threat. Geographies of Children and Young People, vol 8. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-54-5_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics