This is a landscape where a new valley has formed in an existing valley. Due to lowering of the erosional surface, neotectonic uplift and climatic changes, river downcutting can become more pronounced, which creates new valleys inside an old valley. This is called a valley-in-valley landform. The original valley floor is transformed into a valley shoulder above the standing valley. This is a landform of rejuvenation. This landform is common in the broad valleys in northern China. In the alpine regions in western China, many glacial U-shaped valleys often contain river-cut valleys that formed during inter-glacial periods (Fig. 2).
Valley-in-valley (glacial and river valleys)
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(2020). Valley-in-Valley Landscape. In: Chen, A., Ng, Y., Zhang, E., Tian, M. (eds) Dictionary of Geotourism. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0_2658
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