Mediterranean Climate

This climate type is mainly located on the western Mediterranean coasts, western coasts between 30° and 40° north and south latitudes, and the southern and southwestern coasts of Australia and the Cape of Good Hope in Africa. The summers are hot and dry, and the winters are mild and humid. Taking the northern hemisphere as an example, the subtropical high-pressure belt moves northwards in the summer, and the land is affected by the warm and dry continental air masses. In the winter, the high-pressure zone in the south moves to the south, and westerly winds (Mediterranean frontal belt) predominate and are accompanied by multiple cyclones that bring a warmer and more humid climate to the regions. The annual precipitation is moderate (300–600 mm). The landscape consists mainly of evergreen broadleaf forests and evergreen shrub forests.