Landscapes for Geotourism

The factors that affect the formation of the landscape by geological and geographical factors can be summarised as: 1. material – rocks, soil, water and air are the basic components of any landscape; 2. dynamics – crustal movements, volcanic activity, earthquakes, metamorphism and other endogenic or internal forces and erosion, transportation, deposition and other exogenic or external geological forces; 3. geological structure –the background of the landscape as well as the rock strata and characteristics (e.g., horizontal, inclined or folded); 4. geography –the location, latitude, elevation, climate, temperature, humidity, rain, wind, sunshine and vegetation; and 5. time – the time of the formation of the rocks that form the landscape. Tourism earth science can be complicated because it is an integration of numerous geological and geographical factors.