Skip to main content

Structured Dialogic Design for Mobilizing Collective Action in Highly Complex Systems

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Systems Sciences

Abstract

Structured dialogic design is a methodology for integrating diverse ideas into coherent understanding through open and focused dialogue. There are two primary approaches for modeling systems. The more familiar approach is causal loop mapping. This is a powerful tool for managing a system. The less familiar approach is directed acyclic digraphs. This is a powerful tool for root cause analysis and system transformation. This chapter provides a brief, mechanical overview of a root cause approach which is appropriate for inclusively constructing a systems view of the influence flow and the aspirational structure of a complex system. The approach is both descriptive and prescriptive, because the inclusive discovery of root opportunities and root causes prescribes consideration of desired responses to these features of a complex system. The structured dialogic design methodology has a 40-year history based on the science of generic design (of John Warfield) fused to a science of dialogic design (after Alexander N. Christakis).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ashby WR (1958) Requisite variety and its implications for the control of complex systems. Cybernetica 1(2):83–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Attri R, Dev N, Sharma V (2013) Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach: an overview. Res J Manag Sci 2(2):3–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Bausch KC (2015) With reason & vision: structured dialogic design. Ongoing Emergence Press, Cincinnati

    Google Scholar 

  • Boulding K (1966) The impact of social sciences. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Bausch K (2006) How people harness their collective wisdom and power to construct the future in co-laboratories of democracy. Information Age Publishing, Greenwich

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Brahms S (2003) Boundary-spanning dialogue for the 21st-century agoras. Syst Res Behav Sci 20(Part 4):371–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Dye KMC (1999) Collaboration through communicative action: resolving the systems dilemma through the CogniScope. Systems 4(1):45–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Dye K (2005) Chapter 17: The Cogniscope: lessons learned in the arena. In: Banathy BH, Jenlink PM (eds) Dialogue as a collective means of design conversation. Springer US, New York, pp 187–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Harris L (2004) Designing a transnational indigenous leaders interaction in the context of globalization: a wisdom of the people forum. Syst Res Behav Sci 21:2511–2261

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis A, Kakoulaki M (in press) Objectifying intersubjectivity through inclusion for a scientific [R]Evolution: Avoiding polarization by engaging stakeholders for saliency, priority and trust. In: Janet McIntyre-Mills (ed) From polarisation to multispecies relationships: Re-generation of the commons in the era of mass extinctions. Springer Nature (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis AN, Warfield JN, Keever D (1988) Systems design: generic design theory and methodology. In: Decleris M (ed) Systems governance. Publisher Ant. N. Sakkoylas, Athens-Komotini, pp 143–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Deetz S, Simpson J (2004) Critical organizational dialogue: open formation and the demand of “otherness”. In: Anderson R, Baxter LA, Cissna KN (eds) Dialogue: theorizing differences in communication studies. Sage, London, pp 141–158

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Delbecq AL, Van de Ven AH (1971) A group process model for problem identification and program planning. J Appl Behav Sci 7(4):466–492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delbecq AL, Van de Ven AH, Gustafson D (1976 [1975]) Group techniques for program planning; a guide to nominal group and Delphi processes. Scott Foresman and Company, Glenview

    Google Scholar 

  • Dorst K (2006) Design problems and design paradoxes. Des Issues 22(3):4–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dye KMC, Conaway DS (1999) Lessons learned from five years of application of the CogniScope. Approach to the food and drug administration. CWA, Pennsylvania

    Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan TR (2008) Scripting a collaborative narrative: an approach for spanning boundaries. Design Manag Rev 19(3):80–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan TR (2016) Second-order cybernetics needs a unifying methodology. Construc Found 11(3):475

    Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan TR, Christakis AN (2009) The talking point: creating an environment for exploring complex meaning. Information Age Publishing, Charlotte

    Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan TR, Lindell CH (2018) The coherence factor: linking emotion and cognition when individuals think as a group. Information Age Publishing, Charlotte

    Google Scholar 

  • Gharajedaghi J (2011) Systems thinking: managing Chaos and complexity. A platform for designing business architecture, 3rd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, an imprint of Elsevier, Burlington, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Harari YN (2015) Sapiens: a brief history of humankind. Harper, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones P (2014) Theoretical evolution in systemic design. Relating systems thinking and design II. FORM Akademisk 7(4):1–4. https://doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.1237

  • Jones P (2018) Contexts of co-creation: designing with system stakeholders. In: Jones P, Kijima K (eds) Systemic design: theory, methods and practice. Translational systems sciences series, vol 8. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp 3–52

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kapelouzo IB (1989) The impact of structural modeling on the creation of new perspectives in problem-solving situations. In: Proceedings of the 1989 European congress on systems science, AFCET, Lausanne, pp 915–932

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolko J (2010) Abductive thinking and sensemaking: the drivers of design synthesis. Des Issues 26(1):15–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laouris Y (2012) The ABCs of the science of structured dialogic design. Int J Appl Syst Stud 4(4):239–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laouris Y, Christakis AN (2007) Harnessing collective wisdom at a fraction of the time using Structured Dialogic Design Process in a virtual communication context. Int J Appl Syst Stud 1(2):131–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laouris Y, Laouri R, Christakis A (2008) Communication praxis for ethical accountability; The ethics of the tree of action. Syst Res Behav Sci 25(2):331–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laouris Y, Dye KNC, Michaelides M, Christakis AN (2014) Co-laboratories of democracy: best choices for designing sustainable futures. In: Metcalf GS (ed) Social systems and design. Translational systems sciences. Springer Japan, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Limberg P, Barnes C (2018) Memetic tribes and culture war 2.0. https://medium.com/intellectual-explorers-club/memetic-tribes-and-culture-war-2-0-14705c43f6bb

  • Magliocca LA, Christakis AN (2001) Creating transforming leadership for organizational change: the CogniScope System approach. Syst Res Behav Sci 18(3):259–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mansbridge J, Bohman J, Chambers S, Estlund D, Follesdal A, Fung A, Lafont C, Manin B, Marti JL (2010) The place of self-interest and the role of power in deliberative democracy. J Polit Philos 18(1):64–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller GA (1956) The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limitations on our capacity for processing information. Psychol Rev 63:81–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peirce CS (1935) Collected works of Charles S. Peirce. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Rouse WB (2007) People and organizations: explorations of human-centered design. Wiley, Hoboken

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Scharmer CO (2016) Theory U: leading from the future as it emerges. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreibman V, Christakis AN (2007) New agora new geometry of languaging and new technology of democracy; the structured design dialogue process. Int J Appl Syst Stud 1(1):15–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon HA (1974) How big is a chunk. Science 183:482–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsivacou I (1997) The rationality of distinctions and the emergence of power: a critical systems perspective of power in organizations. Syst Res Behav Sci 14(1):21–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warfield JN (1986) The domain of science model: evolution and design. In: Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting society for general systems research, Intersystems, Salinas, pp H46–H59

    Google Scholar 

  • Warfield JN (1995) A compressed history of the development of: interpretive structural design; the science of complexity. The Science of Generic Design; Interactive Management. The John N. Warfield Digital Collection, https://hdl.handle.net/1920/3209

  • Warfield JN, Cardenas AR (1994) A handbook of interactive management. Iowa State University Press, Ames

    Google Scholar 

  • Warfield JN, Christakis AN (1987) Dimensionality. Syst Res 4(2):127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weigand K, Flanagan TR, Dye KMC, Jones P (2014) Collaborative foresight: complementing long-horizon strategic planning. Technol Forecast Soc Change 85:134–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Flanagan, T.R. (2020). Structured Dialogic Design for Mobilizing Collective Action in Highly Complex Systems. In: Metcalf, G.S., Kijima, K., Deguchi, H. (eds) Handbook of Systems Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0370-8_59-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0370-8_59-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0370-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0370-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Business and ManagementReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics