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Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering pp 1–3Cite as

Christmas Tree

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Synonyms

Blowout Preventer (BOP); American Petroleum Institute (API); Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs); Net Present Value (NPV); Internal Rate of Return (IRR); Enhanced Proliferation Control Initiative (EPCI); Down Hole Pressure and Temperature (DHPT)

Definition

In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a Christmas tree, or “tree,” is an assembly of valves, casing spools, and fittings used to regulate the flow of pipes in an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well, and other types of wells. A tree provides numerous additional functions including chemical injection points, well intervention means, pressure relief means, monitoring points (such as pressure, temperature, corrosion, erosion, sand detection, flow rate, flow composition, valve and choke position feedback), and connection points for devices such as down hole pressure and temperature transducers (DHPT). (http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Christmas_tree_(oil_well)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Marine Structures and Ship Architecture, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China

    Xu Liang

Authors
  1. Xu Liang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xu Liang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hadal Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China

    Weicheng Cui

  2. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Shixiao Fu

  3. School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK

    Zhiqiang Hu

Section Editor information

  1. No affiliation provided

    Hongwei An

  2. No affiliation provided

    Terry Griffiths

  3. No affiliation provided

    Menglan Duan

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© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Liang, X. (2021). Christmas Tree. In: Cui, W., Fu, S., Hu, Z. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6963-5_226-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6963-5_226-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6963-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-6963-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

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