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Biochemical Analysis of Secreted Molecules by Individual Cells

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Handbook of Single Cell Technologies

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Abstract

Secreted proteins and metabolites are key components of functional homeostasis and organize individual cells into tissues and organisms. Various secreted molecules display altered profiles in health and disease, making them suitable biological markers for disease detection and classification. Their impact on homeostasis and tissues, inducing, controlling, and exerting functionality, also renders secreted proteins valid drug candidates or therapeutic targets. Hence, the study of secreted molecules offers a valid approach towards the understanding and treatment of various diseases, disorders, and syndromes. However, the interest in these products goes far beyond fundamental and biomedical research, with many industries relying on secreted, cellular products. In recent years, the analysis of complex cellular systems at the single-cell level has gained traction. Such a resolved analysis allows the investigation and exploitation of cellular heterogeneity, and the identification of rare active cells and subpopulations of interest. Here, secretion is no exception. This chapter provides an introduction to secretion as well as a discussion and comparison of different methods allowing secretion analysis of individual cells, ranging from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) related immunoassays to cytometry-based methods, microfluidic systems including micro- and nano-well, microchamber and droplet-based assays, and lastly novel, label-free optical methods. These methods vary in throughput, multiplexing capacity, complexity, and the possibility of cell recovery, criteria used to contrast the different technologies, enabling the reader to choose a suitable analytical strategy for their applications.

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  1. O. T. M. Bucheli and I. Sigvaldadóttir contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ETH Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    O. T. M. Bucheli, I. Sigvaldadóttir & K. Eyer

  2. Laboratoire de Colloïdes et Matériaux Divisés (LCMD), ESPCI Paris, PSL Université, Paris, France

    K. Eyer

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  1. O. T. M. Bucheli
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  2. I. Sigvaldadóttir
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  3. K. Eyer
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  1. Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

    Tuhin Subhra Santra

  2. Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Fan-Gang Tseng

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Bucheli, O.T.M., Sigvaldadóttir, I., Eyer, K. (2020). Biochemical Analysis of Secreted Molecules by Individual Cells. In: Santra, T.S., Tseng, FG. (eds) Handbook of Single Cell Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4857-9_48-1

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