Abstract
Liposomes are artificially prepared lipid bilayer vesicles. Among these, unilamellar liposomes are reminiscent of intracellular and extracellular vesicles, which serve as vehicles that transport proteins, nucleic acids, and other signaling molecules to other organelles and cells. These materials are encapsulated or released from vesicles via the fusion and division of lipid bilayers. Simulating this phenomenon to introduce substances into cells is thought to be useful for genetic modification and the functional analysis of cells. Conventionally, the main target material to be delivered into cells is small-size DNA such as plasmids. However, with the recent advancement of biotechnology and synthetic biology, target materials have expanded to include large materials and molecular systems. Conventional transfection methods, such as electroporation, lipofection, and viral transfection, are generally inefficient for introducing large-size substances into cells or multiple species of substances. Liposomes with volumes greater than a femtoliter (>1 μm3) are capable of enclosing substances of relatively large size and thus can be used for these applications. In this chapter, we review the recent trends in liposome preparation and material transfer methods and discuss future applications toward single-cell modification technologies.
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Acknowledgment
This work was supported by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow (JP16J40215) and partly supported by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology, and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan).
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Tsugane, M., Suzuki, H. (2019). Liposome-Mediated Material Transfer in Single Cells. In: Santra, T., Tseng, FG. (eds) Handbook of Single Cell Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4857-9_13-1
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