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Mental Health and Illness in the City pp 27–132Cite as

Urban-Rural Differences in Major Mental Health Conditions

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Part of the book series: Mental Health and Illness Worldwide ((MHIW))

Abstract

In this chapter, we review the evidence for rural-urban and spatial variation of three major sets of mental health disorders: schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, common mental disorders including depression and anxiety, and suicide. For each, we review the recent literature which has addressed these issues and report the main strengths and limitations of the available evidence. The most consistent evidence for rural-urban gradients in mental health risk are found to exist for schizophrenia and suicide, with more mixed evidence in relation to common mental disorders. For schizophrenia and suicide, we go on to review the major hypotheses that have been put forward to account for rural-urban variation in risk.

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  1. PsyLife Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL, London, W1T 7NF, UK

    Francesca Solmi, Jennifer Dykxhoorn & James B. Kirkbride

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  1. Francesca Solmi
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  2. Jennifer Dykxhoorn
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  3. James B. Kirkbride
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Correspondence to James B. Kirkbride .

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  1. Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital Risskov, Risskov, Denmark

    Niels Okkels

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

    Christina Blanner Kristiansen

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

    Povl Munk-Jørgensen

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Solmi, F., Dykxhoorn, J., Kirkbride, J.B. (2017). Urban-Rural Differences in Major Mental Health Conditions. In: Okkels, N., Kristiansen, C., Munk-Jørgensen, P. (eds) Mental Health and Illness in the City. Mental Health and Illness Worldwide. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2327-9_7

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