Abstract
Spectrum sharing developments exploiting cognitive radio technology will change the traditional spectrum management models, which calls for discussions and decisions in the policy making domain. Efficient governance of natural resources such as the radio spectrum requires actions in different policy making levels ranging from national level all the way to the international level. This chapter will introduce spectrum sharing related policy making activities in the global level presenting the actions taken at the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication (ITU-R) sector. We will introduce the groups within ITU-R and their related activities and introduce cognitive radio and spectrum sharing related terminology developed at the ITU-R. Special emphasis is put to the ITU-R studies on cognitive radio systems (CRS) with a set of capabilities for obtaining knowledge, decision-making and adjustment, and learning, to enhance the efficiency of spectrum use. We will introduce the CRS capabilities and present scenarios and applications where vertical and horizontal spectrum sharing using CRS capabilities could take place. Other sharing related activities at the ITU-R are also presented including spectrum management, spectrum monitoring and spectrum occupancy measurement studies, as well as more general ongoing work on regulatory tools to enable spectrum sharing and CRS from the point view of spectrum management. Finally, a future outlook is given for spectrum sharing policy developments toward the fifth generation (5G) networks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yücek T, Arslan H (2009) A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications. IEEE Commun Surv Tutorials 11(1):116–130
Akyildiz IF, Lee WY, Vuran MC, Mohanty S (2008) A survey on spectrum management in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Commun Mag 46:40–48
ITU-R (2014) ITU-R Radiocommunication. Committed to connecting the world. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector. Available at http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/gen/R-GEN-OVW-2014-PDF-E.pdf
ITU-R (2013) ITU-R study group booklet. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector. Available at http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/gen/R-GEN-SGB-2013-PDF-E.pdf
ITU-R (2017) Welcome to the ITU-R. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector. Available at http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/information/Pages/default.aspx
Dietz T, Ostrom E, Stern PC (2003) The struggle to govern the commons. Science 302:1907–1912
Weiss MBH, Lehr WH, Acker A, Gomez MM (2015) Socio-technical considerations for Spectrum Access System (SAS) design. In: IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), Stockholm, pp 35–46
ITU (2016) The Radio Regulations. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector, Geneva
Haykin S (2005) Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 23:201–220
ITU-R (2007) Regulatory measures and their relevance to enable the introduction software-defined radio and cognitive radio systems. Resolution 956 (WRC-07). International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2015) Cognitive radio systems in the mobile service. ITU-R Question 241-3/5. International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2009) Definitions of software-defined radio (SDR) and cognitive radio system (CRS). Report ITU-R SM.2152. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2011) Introduction to cognitive radio systems in the land mobile service. Report ITU-R M.2225. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2011) Cognitive radio systems specific for International Mobile Telecommunications systems. Report ITU-R M.2242. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2012) Deployment and use of cognitive radio systems. Recommendation 76 (WRC-12). International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2012) Studies on the implementation and use of cognitive radio systems. ITU-R Resolution 58. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2014) Cognitive radio systems in the land mobile service. Report ITU-R M.2330. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector, Geneva
Höyhtyä M, Mämmelä A, Eskola M, Matinmikko M, Kalliovaara J, Ojaniemi J, Suutala J, Ekman R, Bacchus R, Roberson D (2016) Spectrum occupancy measurements: A survey and use of interference maps. IEEE Commun Surv Tutorials 18:2386–2414
ITU-R (2011) Question ITU-R 233-1/1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2011) Spectrum monitoring evolution. Question ITU-R 235/1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
Mustonen M, Matinmikko M (2014) Scenarios for CRS from ITU-R. In: Medeisis A, Holland O (eds) Cognitive radio policy and regulation: techno-economic studies to facilitate dynamic spectrum access. Springer, Cham
Filin S, Murakami H, Harada H, Yoshino H, Kashiki K, Shibata T (2011) ITU-R standardization activities on cognitive radio systems. In: 6th International ICST Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CROWNCOM), Osaka, pp 116–120
ITU-R (2011) Dynamic frequency selection in wireless access systems including radio local area networks for the purpose of protecting the radiodetermination service in the 5 GHz band. Recommendation ITU-R M. 1652-1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
Sayrac B, Uryga H, Bocquet W, Cordier P, Grimoud S (2013) Cognitive radio systems specific for IMT systems: operator’s view and perspectives. Telecommun Policy 37:154–166
ITU-R (2013) Spectrum monitoring evolution. Recommendation ITU-R SM.2039. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2015) Spectrum monitoring evolution. Report ITU-R SM.2355. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2015) Spectrum occupancy measurement and evaluation. Recommendation ITU-R SM.1880-1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2016) Spectrum occupancy measurements and evaluation. Report ITU-R SM.2256-1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2011) Handbook on spectrum monitoring. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2016) Working Document toward PDNR SM. [CRS Spectrum Management Challenges]. International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2016) Working Document toward PDNR SM. [Regulatory_Tools]. International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication sector
ITU-R (2015) Alternative methods of national spectrum management. ITU-R Question 208-1/1. International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication sector
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Matinmikko, M., Mustonen, M. (2017). Spectrum Sharing Policy at Global Level. In: Zhang, W. (eds) Handbook of Cognitive Radio . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1389-8_47-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1389-8_47-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-1389-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-1389-8
eBook Packages: Springer Reference EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering