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Envenomations Caused by Aquatic Animals in Europe and South America

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Clinical Toxinology in Australia, Europe, and Americas

Part of the book series: Toxinology ((TOXI))

Abstract

The contact between humanity and coastal areas has increased in recent decades and thus also increased injuries by aquatic animals. In South America continent, which is bathed by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, there are injuries and envenomations caused by various aquatic animals. The animals that cause envenomations in Europe are similar to those that cause in the Western Atlantic in the American coast. Furthermore, the freshwater Basins in South America is very wide and have a unique fauna also associated with a series of injuries and envenomations. The highest percentages of injuries that occur in marine environments are associated with invertebrates such as sea urchins, jellyfish and Portuguese man-of-war (echinoderms and cnidarians), and venomous fish. In this chapter, we discuss the clinical manifestations caused by marine and freshwater animals of Europe and South America and emphasize therapeutic and preventive aspects of injuries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botucatu Medical School – São Paulo State University, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 557, 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Vidal Haddad Jr.

Authors
  1. Vidal Haddad Jr.
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Correspondence to Vidal Haddad Jr. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Hawaii Cancer Center, and Department of Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Carl-Wilhelm Vogel

  2. Department of Emergency Medicine New Mexico School of Medicine, New Mexico Poison Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

    Steven A. Seifert

  3. Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Division of Development and Innovation Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Denise V. Tambourgi

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Haddad, V. (2018). Envenomations Caused by Aquatic Animals in Europe and South America. In: Vogel, CW., Seifert, S., Tambourgi, D. (eds) Clinical Toxinology in Australia, Europe, and Americas. Toxinology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7438-3_62

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