Synonyms
Definitions
Glycolipids are lipids with a sugar moiety attached by a glycosidic bond to a lipid molecule. The saccharide residue can include a wide variety of molecules from small sugar units to long polysaccharide chains. Esters of lipids with glucose, galactose, and sucrose are the major glycolipids in plant cells.
Structure and Occurrence
Digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) is a neutral glycolipid where two residues of galactose (digalactan) are bound to the glycerol at sn-3 position to form a hydrophilic head group, whereas sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone are esterified with two acyl chains (Fig. 1). The complete structure of DGDG is 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol) and was originally described by Carter et al. (1956). After monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), DGDG is a second most abundant galactoglycerolipid found in photosynthetic membranes of plants,...
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Abbreviations
- DAG:
-
Diacylglycerol
- DGD:
-
Digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase
- DGDG:
-
Digalactosyldiacylglycerol
- MGD:
-
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase
- MGDG:
-
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol
- PS II:
-
Photosystem II
- TAG:
-
Triacylglycerol
References
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Zienkiewicz, A. (2017). Digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) in Plants: Functional Diversity of. In: Wenk, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Lipidomics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_142-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_142-1
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