Definition
Isoprenoid quinones: isoprenoid quinones are characterized by an aromatic head group with an even number of oxygen functions and an isoprenoid aliphatic side chain.
Structure and Occurrence
Isoprenoid quinones represent an important group of compounds with lipid-soluble character that occur in membranes. They are composed of a quinone hydrophilic head group and a prenyl side chain, similar to tocochromanols (see Tocochromanols in Plants). The majority of naturally occurring isoprenoid quinones are naphtho- or benzoquinones. They mainly function as carriers in photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains. The naphthoquinones comprise menaquinones and phylloquinones that, historically, are classified as vitamin K group. Menaquinones are part of bacterial photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains. Phylloquinones have similar functions in electron transport chains of photosystem I in plants. Benzoquinones comprise ubiquinones and plastoquinones....
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Abbreviations
- CoA:
-
Coenzyme AD
- DHNA:
-
1,4-Dihydroxy-2-2naphthoate
- DXP:
-
1-Deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate pathway
- MenB:
-
1,4-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA synthase
- MenC:
-
o-Succinyl benzoate synthase
- MenD:
-
2-Succinyl-5-enoylpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase
- MenE:
-
o-Succinyl benzoic acid-CoA synthase
- MenF:
-
Isochorismate synthase
- MenH:
-
2-Succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase
- UbiB:
-
Monooxygenase
- UbiC:
-
Chorismate pyruvate-lyase
- UbiD, UbiX:
-
Carboxylases
- UbiE:
-
Nonspecific C-methyltransferase
- UbiF:
-
Monooxygenase
- UbiG:
-
O-Methyltransferase
- UbiH:
-
Monooxygenase
References
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Hadacek, F. (2017). Isoprenoid Quinones in Plants: Functional Diversity of. In: Wenk, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Lipidomics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_137-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_137-1
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