Abstract
Acute kidney injury refers to the rapid loss of renal function. In newborns, although the precise incidence of acute kidney injury is unknown, research has shown that 8–24 % of all critically ill newborns in neonatal intensive care units may develop the condition. Although traditional markers of acute kidney injury lack sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis in the neonatal period, several novel serum and urinary biomarkers are under intense scrutiny for their role as noninvasive indicators of early acute kidney injury. The most promising biomarkers are cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, and kidney injury molecule-1.
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Abbreviations
- AKI:
-
Acute kidney injury
- CysC:
-
Cystatin C
- EGF:
-
Epidermal growth factor
- FGF-2:
-
Fibroblast growth factor-2
- GFR:
-
Glomerular filtration rate
- IL-18:
-
Interleukin-18
- KIM-1:
-
Kidney injury molecule-1
- NGAL:
-
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
- NICUs:
-
Neonatal intensive care units
- sCysC:
-
Serum CysC
- sNGAL:
-
Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
- uCysC:
-
Urinary CysC
- uIL-18:
-
Urinary interleukin-18
- uKIM-1:
-
Urine kidney injury molecule-1
- uNGAL:
-
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
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Chalkias, A., Iacovidou, N. (2016). Diagnostic Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Kidney Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7699-9_5
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